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Edmunds, W.M.; Shand, P.; Hart, P.; Ward, R.S. |
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Title |
The natural (baseline) quality of groundwater: a UK pilot study |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Science of The Total Environment |
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310 |
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1 |
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25-35 |
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Keywords |
Baseline quality, Groundwater, Hydrogeochemistry, Monitoring, Water Policy |
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Abstract |
Knowledge of the natural baseline quality of groundwaters is an essential prerequisite for understanding pollution and for imposing regulatory limits. The natural baseline of groundwaters may show a range of concentrations depending on aquifer mineralogy, facies changes, flow paths and residence time. The geochemical controls on natural concentrations are discussed and an approach to defining baseline concentrations using geochemical and statistical tools is proposed. The approach is illustrated using a flowline from the Chalk aquifer in Berkshire, UK where aerobic and anaerobic sections of the aquifer are separately considered. The baseline concentrations for some elements are close to atmospheric values whereas others evolve through time-dependent water–rock interaction. Certain solutes (K, NH4+), often considered contaminants, reach naturally high concentrations due to geochemical controls; transition metal concentrations are generally low, although their concentrations may be modified by redox controls. It is recommended that the baseline approach be incorporated into future management strategies, notably monitoring. |
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0048-9697 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ edmunds_natural_2003 |
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166 |
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Author |
Christofi, C.; Bruggeman, A.; Külls, C.; Constantinou, C. |
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Title |
Hydrochemical evolution of groundwater in gabbro of the Troodos Fractured Aquifer. A comprehensive approach |
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Journal Article |
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2020 |
Publication |
Applied Geochemistry |
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114 |
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104524 |
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geochemistry |
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Pergamon |
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English |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Christofi2020hydrochemical |
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13 |
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Belz, L.; Schüller, I.; Wehrmann, A.; Köster, J.; Wilkes, H. |
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Title |
The leaf wax biomarker record of a Namibian salt pan reveals enhanced summer rainfall during the Last Glacial-Interglacial Transition |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
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Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |
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543 |
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109561 |
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-Alkanes, -Alkanols, Late Quaternary, Organic geochemistry, Palaeohydrology, Southern Africa |
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Conventional continental geoarchives are rarely available in arid southern Africa. Therefore, palaeoclimate data in this area are still patchy and late Quaternary climate development is only poorly understood. In the western Kalahari, salt pans (playas, ephemeral lakes) are common and can feature quasi-continuous sedimentation. This study presents the first climate-related biomarker record using sediments from the Omongwa Pan, a Kalahari salt pan located in eastern Namibia. Our approach to reconstruct vegetation and hydrology focuses on biogeochemical bulk parameters and plant wax-derived lipid biomarkers (n-alkanes, n-alkanols, and fatty acids) and their compound-specific carbon and hydrogen isotopic compositions. The presented record reaches back to 27 ka. During the glacial, rather low δ2H values of n-alkanes and low sediment input exclude a strong influence of winter rainfall. n-Alkane and n-alkanol distributions and δ13C values of n-hentriacontane (n-C31) indicate a shift to a vegetation with a higher proportion of C4 plants at the end of the Last Glacial Maximum until the end of Heinrich Stadial I (ca. 18–14.8 ka), which we interpret to indicate an abrupt excursion to a short wetter period likely to be caused by a temporary southward shift of the Intertropical Convergence Zone. Shifts in δ2H values of n-C31 and plant wax parameters give evidence for changes to drier conditions during early Holocene. Comparison of this dataset with representative continental records from the region points to a major influence of summer rainfall at Omongwa Pan during the regarded time span and demonstrates the potential of southern African salt pans as archives for biomarker-based climate proxies. |
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0031-0182 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ belz_leaf_2020 |
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104 |
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