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	Author	Stone, A.E.C.; Edmunds, W.M.
	Title	Naturally-high nitrate in unsaturated zone sand dunes above the Stampriet Basin, Namibia			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2014	Publication	Journal of Arid Environments	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	105	Issue		Pages	41-51
	Keywords	Kalahari, Namibia, Nitrate in the unsaturated zone, Stampriet Basin, Transboundary basin, Unsaturated zone recharge
	Abstract	Elevated groundwater nitrate levels are common in drylands, often in excess of WHO guidelines, with concern for human and animal health. In light of recent attempts to identify nitrate sources in the Kalahari this paper presents the first unsaturated zone (USZ) nitrate profiles and recharge rate estimates for the important transboundary Stampriet Basin, alongside the first rainfall chemistry records. Elevated subsurface nitrate reaches 100–250 and 250–525 mg/L NO3–N, with NO3–N/Cl of 4–12, indicating input above evapotranspiration. Chloride mass balance recharge rates range from 4 to 27 mm/y, indicating a vertical movement of these nitrate pulses toward the water table over multi-decadal timescales. These profiles are sampled from dune crests, away from high concentrations of animals and without termite mounds. Given low-density animal grazing is unlikely to contribute consistent spot-scale nitrate over decades, these profiles give an initial estimate of naturally-produced concentrations. This insight is important for the management of the Stampriet Basin and wider Kalahari groundwater. This study expands our knowledge about elevated nitrate in dryland USZs, demonstrating that it can occur as pulses, probably in response to transient vegetation cover and that it is not limited to long-residence time USZs with very limited downward moisture flux (recharge).
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0140-1963	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	THL @ christoph.kuells @ Stone201441			Serial	279
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	Author	Vogel, J.C.; Talma, A.S.; Heaton, T.H.E.
	Title	Gaseous nitrogen as evidence for denitrification in groundwater			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1981	Publication	Journal of Hydrology	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	50	Issue		Pages	191-200
	Keywords
	Abstract	By investigating the nitrate, oxygen, nitrogen and argon concentrations and 15N14N ratios in artesian groundwater with radiocarbon ages ranging up to 27,000 yr. a process of very slow denitrification in a confined aquifer is demonstrated. The calculated nitrogenisotope fractionation factor associated with this reaction is comparable to that reported for bacterial cultures in vitro and in vivo.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0022-1694	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	THL @ christoph.kuells @ Vogel1981191			Serial	280
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	Author	Doulgeris, C.; Tziritis, E.; Pisinaras, V.; Panagopoulos, A.; Külls, C.
	Title	Prediction of seawater intrusion to coastal aquifers based on non-dimensional diagrams			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2020	Publication	EGU Geophysical Abstracts	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	4073
	Keywords
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	THL @ christoph.kuells @ Doulgeris2020prediction			Serial	41
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	Author	Külls, C.
	Title	Groundwater of the North-Western Kalahari, Namibia: estimation of recharge and quantification of the flow system			Type	Book Whole
	Year	2001	Publication	Hydrogeologie und Umwelt	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis	Doctoral thesis
	Publisher	Hydrogeologie und Umwelt	Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	THL @ christoph.kuells @ Kuells2003groundwater			Serial	38
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	Author	Döll, P.; Krol, M.; Fuhr, D.; Gaiser, T.; Herfort, J.; Höynck, S.; Jaeger, A.; Külls, C.; Mendiondo, E.M.; Printz, A.; others
	Title	Integrated scenarios of regional development in Ceará and Piauí			Type	Book Chapter
	Year	2003	Publication	Global Change and Regional Impacts	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	19-41
	Keywords
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg	Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	THL @ christoph.kuells @ Doll2003integrated			Serial	39
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	Author	Voerkelius, S.; Külls, C.; Santiago, M.M.F.; Frischkorn, H.; dos Santos Semrau, L.A.; Heinrichs, G.; Gil, M.M.L.
	Title	Investigations on water management and water quality in Picos/PI and Tauá/CE			Type	Book Chapter
	Year	2003	Publication	Global change and regional impacts	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	173-184
	Keywords
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg	Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	THL @ christoph.kuells @ Voerkelius2003investigations			Serial	40
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	Author	Külls, C.; Leibundgut, C.; Schwarz, U.; Schick, A.P.
	Title	Channel infiltration study using dye tracers			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1995	Publication	IAHS Publications-Series of Proceedings and Reports-Intern Assoc Hydrological Sciences	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	232	Issue		Pages	429-436
	Keywords
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Wallingford [Oxfordshire]: IAHS, 1981-	Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	THL @ christoph.kuells @ Kuells1995channel			Serial	36
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	Author	Zagana, E.; Külls, C.; Udluft, P.
	Title	Der Wasserhaushalt des Aliakmonas			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2000	Publication	Vom Wasser	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	94	Issue		Pages	29-39
	Keywords
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	THL @ christoph.kuells @ Zagana2000saa			Serial	34
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	Author	Külls, C.; Adar, E.M.; Udluft, P.
	Title	Tracer Studies and Modelling of Regional Groundwater Systems-Resolving patterns of groundwater flow by inverse hydrochemical modelling in a semiarid Kalahari basin			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2000	Publication	IAHS Publications-Series of Proceedings and Reports-Intern Assoc Hydrological Sciences	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	262	Issue		Pages	447-452
	Keywords
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Wallingford [Oxfordshire]: IAHS, 1981-	Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	THL @ christoph.kuells @ Kuells2006			Serial	31
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	Author	Klock, H.; Külls, C.; Udluft, P.
	Title	Quantification of Groundwater Recharge-Estimating recharge values using hydrochemical and geological data: A case study from the semiarid Kalahari catchment of northern Namibia			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2001	Publication	IAHS Publications-Series of Proceedings and Reports-Intern Assoc Hydrological Sciences	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	269	Issue		Pages	25-32
	Keywords
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Wallingford [Oxfordshire]: IAHS, 1981-	Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	THL @ christoph.kuells @ Klock2001			Serial	32
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