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Zeng, S.; Shen, Y.; Sun, B.; Tan, K.; Zhang, S.; Ye, W. |
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Title |
Fractal kinetic characteristics of uranium leaching from low permeability uranium-bearing sandstone |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Nuclear Engineering and Technology |
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Volume |
54 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
1175-1184 |
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Keywords |
Fractal characteristics, In-situ leaching, Leaching kinetics, Pore structure, Uranium mine |
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Abstract |
The pore structure of uranium-bearing sandstone is one of the critical factors that affect the uranium leaching performance. In this article, uranium-bearing sandstone from the Yili Basin, Xinjiang, China, was taken as the research object. The fractal characteristics of the pore structure of the uranium-bearing sandstone were studied using mercury intrusion experiments and fractal theory, and the fractal dimension of the uranium-bearing sandstone was calculated. In addition, the effect of the fractal characteristics of the pore structure of the uranium-bearing sandstone on the uranium leaching kinetics was studied. Then, the kinetics was analyzed using a shrinking nuclear model, and it was determined that the rate of uranium leaching is mainly controlled by the diffusion reaction, and the dissolution rate constant (K) is linearly related to the pore specific surface fractal dimension (DS) and the pore volume fractal dimension (DV). Eventually, fractal kinetic models for predicting the in-situ leaching kinetics were established using the unreacted shrinking core model, and the linear relationship between the fractal dimension of the sample’s pore structure and the dissolution rate during the leaching was fitted. |
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1738-5733 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ zeng_fractal_2022 |
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193 |
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Wang, B.; Luo, Y.; Liu, J.-hui; Li, X.; Zheng, Z.-hong; Chen, Q.-qian; Li, L.-yao; Wu, H.; Fan, Q.-ren |
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Title |
Ion migration in in-situ leaching (ISL) of uranium: Field trial and reactive transport modelling |
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Journal Article |
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2022 |
Publication |
Journal of Hydrology |
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615 |
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128634 |
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Keywords |
Acid in situ leaching, Banyan-Uul uranium deposit, Influence area, Reactive transport, Sensitivity analysis |
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Abstract |
Acid in-situ leaching (ISL) can be used as a mining technique for in situ uranium recover from underground. Acids and oxidants as lixiviants were continuously injected into a sandstone-type uranium deposit in Bayan-Uul (China). It was conducted to facilitate the dissolution of uranium minerals to generate uranyl ions, which could then be extracted for the recovery of uranium resources by the pumping cycle. A reactive transport model based on PHAST was developed to investigate the dynamic reactive migration process of uranium. The simulated results well reproduce the fluid dynamic evolution in the injecting and pumping units, as well as the dynamic release of uranium. The simulated leaching area indicates that the uranium ore leaching area was much larger than the acidification area. In addition, the pollution plume of uranium and acid water was larger than that of the leaching area, which can be used as a reference for uranium mining schemes. Furthermore, the parameter sensitivity analysis indicates the volume fraction of uranium ore and the reaction rate were the main factors affecting uranium leaching efficiency. Without considering the blockage of pores by precipitation, the Fe2+ in the reinjection fluid had a significant negative influence on uranium leaching. |
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0022-1694 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ wang_ion_2022 |
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195 |
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Jana, A.; Unni, A.; Ravuru, S.S.; Das, A.; Das, D.; Biswas, S.; Sheshadri, H.; De, S. |
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In-situ polymerization into the basal spacing of LDH for selective and enhanced uranium adsorption: A case study with real life uranium alkaline leach liquor |
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Journal Article |
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2022 |
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Chemical Engineering Journal |
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428 |
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131180 |
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In-situ polymerization, Layered double hydroxide, Leach liquor, Uranium adsorption, Uranium recovery |
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Uranium is used as a fuel for nuclear power plant and can be extracted from different ores, mainly acidic (silicious ore) and alkaline (carbonate ore). Recovery of uranium through acid leaching from silicious ore is well established, whereas, alkaline leaching from carbonate ore is challenging due to the excessive salinity of leach liquor and high concentration of carbonate, bicarbonate and sulphate. Herein, two monomers, acrylic acid (AA) and N, N-methylene bisacrylamide (BAM), selective towards uranyl were intercalated in-situ into the interlayer, followed by their polymerization and cross-linking to form novel polymer intercalated hybrid layered double hydroxide (LDH). The LDH acts as a backbone to overcome coiling and swelling of polymer and anchors them as free-standing. Various parameters, like, the type of metal ions, monomer ratio (AA: BAM) and metal ion ratio (M2+:M3+), were studied to determine the optimum conditions for effective intercalation and polymerization of monomers. Magnesium aluminum (MgAl) LDH with a cross-linked polymer having a monomer ratio of 3:2 (AA: BAM) as intercalating species showed maximum efficiency of uranyl adsorption (1456 mg/g at 30 °C) with highest capacity so far. The distribution coefficient (Kd, l/mg) in the order of 105 suggested that the adsorbent was highly selective for uranyl in the presence of different cations, anions and humic acid. The adsorbent extracts uranium effectively and selectively from a real-life alkaline leach liquor with an efficiency of 96% at 5 g/l dose. Uranium can be recovered from the adsorbent in the form of sodium di-uranate using 2(M) NaOH and was reused for eight cycles. |
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1385-8947 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ jana_-situ_2022 |
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209 |
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Romeo, N.; Mabry, J.; Hillegonds, D.; Kainz, G.; Jaklitsch, M.; Matsumoto, T. |
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Developments of a field gas extraction device and krypton purification system for groundwater radio-krypton dating at the IAEA |
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Journal Article |
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2022 |
Publication |
Applied Radiation and Isotopes |
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189 |
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110450 |
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The long-lived radio-krypton isotope 81Kr (t1/2 = 2.29 × 105 yr) is an ideal tracer for old groundwater age dating in the range of 105–106 years which goes beyond the reach of radio-carbon (14C) age dating. Analytical breakthrough made over the last two decades in Atom Trap Trace Analysis (ATTA) has enabled the use of this isotope with extremely low abundance (81Kr/Kr = 6 × 10−13) to be used as a practical dating tool for very old groundwater. The International Atomic Energy Agency aims to provide this new isotope tool for better groundwater resource management of Member States and developed a field sampling device to collect dissolved gas samples from groundwater and a system to separate and purify trace amounts of krypton from the gas samples for the ATTA analysis. The design, setup and performances of our sampling and purification systems are described here. Our system can produce a high purity aliquot of about 5 μL of krypton from 5 L of air sample (recovery yield of >90%). The samples made by our system were confirmed to be acceptable for the ATTA analysis. |
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0969-8043 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Romeo2022110450 |
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214 |
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Author |
Xu, W.D.; Burns, M.J.; Cherqui, F.; Duchesne, S.; Pelletier, G.; Fletcher, T.D. |
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Title |
Real-time controlled rainwater harvesting systems can improve the performance of stormwater networks |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2022 |
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Journal of Hydrology |
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614 |
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128503 |
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Real-time control, Rainwater harvesting systems, Stormwater control measures, Flood mitigation, Source Control, Climate change |
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Real-Time Control (RTC) technology is increasingly applied in Rainwater Harvesting (RWH) systems to optimise their performance related to water supply and flood mitigation. However, most studies to date have focussed on testing the benefits at an individual site scale, leaving the potential benefits for downstream stormwater networks largely untested. In this study, we developed a methodology to predict how at-source RTC RWH systems influence the behaviour of a stormwater network. Simulation was enabled by coupling the drainage model in SWMM with an RTC RWH model coded using the R software. We modelled two different RTC strategies across a range of system settings (e.g. storage size for RWH and proportion of storage to which RTC is applied) under two different climate scenarios—current and future climates. The simulations showed that RTC reduced flooding volume and peak flow of the stormwater network, leading to a potential mitigation of urban flooding risks, while also providing a decentralised supplementary water supply. Implementing RTC in more of RWH storages yielded greater benefits than simply increasing storage capacity, in both current and future climates. More importantly, the RTC systems are capable of more precisely managing the resultant flow regime in reducing the erosion and restoring the pre-development conditions in sensitive receiving waters. Our study suggests that RTC RWH storages distributed throughout a catchment can substantially improve the performance of existing drainage systems, potentially avoiding or deferring expensive network upgrades. Investments in real-time control technology would appear to be more promising than investments in detention volume alone. |
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0022-1694 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Xu2022128503 |
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233 |
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