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Author Klimkova, S.; Cernik, M.; Lacinova, L.; Filip, J.; Jancik, D.; Zboril, R. url  openurl
  Title (down) Zero-valent iron nanoparticles in treatment of acid mine water from in situ uranium leaching Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Chemosphere Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 82 Issue 8 Pages 1178-1184  
  Keywords Acid mine water, Contaminant removal, Surface stabilizing shell, Water treatment, Zero-valent iron nanoparticles  
  Abstract Acid mine water from in situ chemical leaching of uranium (Straz pod Ralskem, Czech Republic) was treated in laboratory scale experiments by zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI). For the first time, nZVI were applied for the treatment of the real acid water system containing the miscellaneous mixture of pollutants, where the various removal mechanisms occur simultaneously. Toxicity of the treated saline acid water is caused by major contaminants represented by aluminum and sulphates in a high concentration, as well as by microcontaminants like As, Be, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, U, V, and Zn. Laboratory batch experiments proved a significant decrease in concentrations of all the monitored pollutants due to an increase in pH and a decrease in oxidation–reduction potential related to an application of nZVI. The assumed mechanisms of contaminants removal include precipitation of cations in a lower oxidation state, precipitation caused by a simple pH increase and co-precipitation with the formed iron oxyhydroxides. The possibility to control the reaction kinetics through the nature of the surface stabilizing shell (polymer vs. FeO nanolayer) is discussed as an important practical aspect.  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0045-6535 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ klimkova_zero-valent_2011 Serial 196  
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Author Xiao, L.; Robinson, M.; O’Connor, M. url  openurl
  Title (down) Woodland’s role in natural flood management: Evidence from catchment studies in Britain and Ireland Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication Science of The Total Environment Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 813 Issue Pages 151877  
  Keywords Forest harvesting, Streamflow, Natural flood management, Before-after-control-impact, Evidence-based forest impact  
  Abstract Despite the attention currently given to the potential environmental benefits of large-scale forest planting, there is a shortage of clear observational evidence regarding the effects on river flows, and what there is has often been contradictory or inconclusive. This paper presents three independently conducted paired-catchment forestry studies covering 66 station-years of flow measurements in the UK and Ireland. In each case coniferous evergreen trees were removed from one catchment with minimal soil disturbance while the adjoining control catchment was left unchanged. Trees were removed from 20% – 90% of the three experimental basins. Following woodland removal there was an increase in dry weather baseflow at all sites. Baseflows increased by about 8% after tree removal from a quarter of the Hore basin and by 41% for the near-total cut at Howan. But the changes were more complex for peak flows. Tree harvesting increased the smallest and most frequent peak storm flows, indicating that afforestation would lead to the suppression of such events. This was however restricted to events well below the mean annual flood, indicating that the impact of forests upon the largest and most damaging floods is likely to be limited. Whilst a forest cover can be effective in mitigating small and frequent stormflows it should never be assumed to provide protection against major flood events.  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0048-9697 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ Xiao2022151877 Serial 241  
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Author Qiu, W.; Yang, Y.; Song, J.; Que, W.; Liu, Z.; Weng, H.; Wu, J.; Wu, J. url  openurl
  Title (down) What chemical reaction dominates the CO2 and O2 in-situ uranium leaching?: Insights from a three-dimensional multicomponent reactive transport model at the field scale Type Journal Article
  Year 2023 Publication Applied Geochemistry Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 148 Issue Pages 105522  
  Keywords Carbonate minerals, In-situ leaching (ISL) of uranium, Pyrite oxidation, Reactive transport modeling (RTM)  
  Abstract The complex behavior of uranium in recovery is mostly driven by water-rock interactions following lixiviant injection into ore-bearing aquifers. Significant challenges exist in exploring the geochemical processes responsible for uranium release and mobilization. Herein this study provides an illustration of a ten-year field scale CO2 and O2 in-situ leaching (ISL) process at a typical sandstone-hosted uranium deposit in northern China. We also conducte a three-dimensional (3-D) multicomponent reactive transport model to assess the effects of potential chemical reactions on uranium recovery, in particular, to focus on the role of sulfide mineral pyrite (FeS2). Numerical simulations are performed considering three potential ISL reaction pathways to determine the relative contributions to uranium release, and the results indicate that bicarbonate promotes the oxidative dissolution of uranium-bearing minerals and further accelerates the uranium leaching in a neutral geochemical system. Moreover, the presence of FeS2 exerts a strong competitive role in the uranium-bearing mineral dissolution by increasing oxygen consumption, favoring the formation of iron oxyhydroxide, and therefore causing an associated decrease in uranium recovery rates. The simulation model demonstrates that dissolution of carbonate neutralizes acidic water generated from pyrite oxidation and aqueous CO2 dissociation. In addition, the cation concentrations (i.e., Ca and Mg) are increasing in the pregnant solutions, showing that the recycling of lixiviants and kinetic dissolution of carbonate generates a larger number of dissolved Ca and Mg and inevitably triggers the secondary dolomite mineral precipitation. The findings improve our fundamental understanding of the geochemical processes in a long-term uranium ISL system and provide important environmental implications for the optimal design of uranium recovery, remediation, and risk exposure assessment.  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0883-2927 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ qiu_what_2023 Serial 207  
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Author Post, V.E.A.; Vassolo, S.I.; Tiberghien, C.; Baranyikwa, D.; Miburo, D. url  openurl
  Title (down) Weathering and evaporation controls on dissolved uranium concentrations in groundwater – A case study from northern Burundi Type Journal Article
  Year 2017 Publication Science of The Total Environment Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 607-608 Issue Pages 281-293  
  Keywords Geochemical modelling, Hydrochemistry, Lake Tshohoha South, Public health, Radionuclides, Water supply  
  Abstract The potential use of groundwater for potable water supply can be severely compromised by natural contaminants such as uranium. The environmental mobility of uranium depends on a suite of factors including aquifer lithology, redox conditions, complexing agents, and hydrological processes. Uranium concentrations of up to 734μg/L are found in groundwater in northern Burundi, and the objective of the present study was to identify the causes for these elevated concentrations. Based on a comprehensive data set of groundwater chemistry, geology, and hydrological measurements, it was found that the highest dissolved uranium concentrations in groundwater occur near the shores of Lake Tshohoha South and other smaller lakes nearby. A model is proposed in which weathering and evapotranspiration during groundwater recharge, flow and discharge exert the dominant controls on the groundwater chemical composition. Results of PHREEQC simulations quantitatively confirm this conceptual model and show that uranium mobilization followed by evapo-concentration is the most likely explanation for the high dissolved uranium concentrations observed. The uranium source is the granitic sand, which was found to have a mean elemental uranium content of 14ppm, but the exact mobilization process could not be established. Uranium concentrations may further be controlled by adsorption, especially where calcium-uranyl‑carbonate complexes are present. Water and uranium mass balance calculations for Lake Tshohoha South are consistent with the inferred fluxes and show that high‑uranium groundwater represents only a minor fraction of the overall water input to the lake. These findings highlight that the evaporation effects that cause radionuclide concentrations to rise to harmful levels in groundwater discharge areas are not only confined to arid regions, and that this should be considered when selecting suitable locations for water supply wells.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0048-9697 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ post_weathering_2017 Serial 132  
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Author Mekuria, W.; Tegegne, D. url  isbn
openurl 
  Title (down) Water harvesting Type Book Chapter
  Year 2023 Publication Encyclopedia of Soils in the Environment (Second Edition) Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 593-607  
  Keywords Climate change, Ecosystem services, Environmental benefits, Population growth, Resilient community, Resilient environment, Socio-economic benefits, Urbanizations, Water harvesting, Water quality, Water security  
  Abstract Water harvesting is the intentional collection and concentration of rainwater and runoff to offset irrigation demands. Secondary benefits include decreased flood and erosion risk. Water harvesting techniques include micro- and macro-catchment systems, floodwater harvesting, and rooftop and groundwater harvesting. The techniques vary with catchment type and size, and the method of water storage. Micro-catchment water harvesting, for example, requires the development of small structures and targets increased water delivery and storage to the root zone whereas macro-catchment systems collect runoff water from large areas. The sustainability of water harvesting techniques at the local level are usually constrained by several factors such as labor, construction costs, loss of productive land, and maintenance, suggesting that multiple solutions are required to sustain the benefits of water harvesting techniques.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Academic Press Place of Publication Oxford Editor Goss, M.J.; Oliver, M.  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN 978-0-323-95133-3 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ Mekuria2023593 Serial 225  
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Author Mekuria, W.; Tegegne, D. url  isbn
openurl 
  Title (down) Water harvesting Type Book Chapter
  Year 2023 Publication Encyclopedia of Soils in the Environment (Second Edition) Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 593-607  
  Keywords Climate change, Ecosystem services, Environmental benefits, Population growth, Resilient community, Resilient environment, Socio-economic benefits, Urbanizations, Water harvesting, Water quality, Water security  
  Abstract Water harvesting is the intentional collection and concentration of rainwater and runoff to offset irrigation demands. Secondary benefits include decreased flood and erosion risk. Water harvesting techniques include micro- and macro-catchment systems, floodwater harvesting, and rooftop and groundwater harvesting. The techniques vary with catchment type and size, and the method of water storage. Micro-catchment water harvesting, for example, requires the development of small structures and targets increased water delivery and storage to the root zone whereas macro-catchment systems collect runoff water from large areas. The sustainability of water harvesting techniques at the local level are usually constrained by several factors such as labor, construction costs, loss of productive land, and maintenance, suggesting that multiple solutions are required to sustain the benefits of water harvesting techniques.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Academic Press Place of Publication Oxford Editor Goss, M.J.; Oliver, M.  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN 978-0-323-95133-3 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ Mekuria2023593 Serial 265  
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Author Rubin, R. url  openurl
  Title (down) Water conservation methods in Israel’s Negev desert in late antiquity Type Journal Article
  Year 1988 Publication Journal of Historical Geography Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 14 Issue 3 Pages 229-244  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Settlement in Israel’s Negev desert historically has been dependent on water conservation techniques. Fieldwork carried out on settlement sites constructed during the Byzantine period, when agriculture and trade flourished, revealed a variety of water installations some of which are in use today. Perennial springs in the Negev are generally small and difficult of access. Cisterns were the most common conservation devices and came in both large, enclosed and single, open forms. Cisterns were common particularly in the towns, where they were usually built as part of house foundations. Dams were discovered at several sites but proved to be inefficient and easily abandoned because of evaporation and siltation problems. Public reservoirs were part of the structure of the largest towns and were open and among the larges structures uncovered at settlement sites. Wells were distributed widely throughout the desert and were part of the only conservation system that did not depend directly on surface rainfall. A qanat system was located in the eastern Negev dating from the late settlement period before the area was abandoned at the turn of the eighth century. These various water systems raise questions about their builders and their origins, and suggests that builders originating in more humid Mediterranean environments tended to produce less adaptable installations than builders derived from the south or the east.  
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  ISSN 0305-7488 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ Rubin1988229 Serial 262  
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Author Kharaka, Y.; Harmon, R.; Darling, G. url  openurl
  Title (down) W. Mike Edmunds (1941–2015) Type Journal Article
  Year 2015 Publication Applied Geochemistry Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 59 Issue Pages 225-226  
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  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0883-2927 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ kharaka_w_2015 Serial 103  
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Author Gardiner, J.; Thomas, R.B.; Phan, T.T.; Stuckman, M.; Wang, J.; Small, M.; Lopano, C.; Hakala, J.A. url  openurl
  Title (down) Utilization of produced water baseline as a groundwater monitoring tool at a CO2-EOR site in the Permian Basin, Texas, USA Type Journal Article
  Year 2020 Publication Applied Geochemistry Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 121 Issue Pages 104688  
  Keywords CO storage, Enhanced oil recovery, Geochemical baseline, Groundwater monitoring, Produced water, Solubility trapping  
  Abstract Carbon dioxide (CO2) enhanced oil recovery (EOR) provides a pathway for economic reuse and storage of CO2, a greenhouse gas. One challenge with this practice is ensuring CO2 injection does not result in target reservoir fluids migrating into overlying shallow (\textless1000 m) groundwater formations. Effective monitoring for leakage from storage formations could involve measuring sensitive chemical indicators in overlying groundwater units and within the producing formation itself for evidence of deviation from an initial state. In this study, produced waters and overlying groundwaters were monitored over a five-year period to evaluate which geochemical signals may be useful to ensure that oilfield produced waters did not impact overlying groundwaters. During this five-year period, a mature carbonate oil reservoir in the Permian Basin transitioned from a waterflooding operation to a water-alternating-gas injection (WAG), in which the formation was flooded with CO2 and various mixtures of produced water. Significant increases in dissolved inorganic constituents [alkalinity, TDS, Na+, Cl−, SO42−] were observed in produced waters following CO2 injection; however, carbonate reservoir dissolution-precipitation reactions appear to be minimal and injected CO2 appears to be stored via solubility trapping. Although there are statistically significant geochemical variations following CO2 injection, applying isometric log-ratios to certain parameters establishes a narrow range for post-CO2 injection produced waters. This narrow range can be considered a baseline for post-CO2 injection produced waters; this baseline can be utilized to monitor overlying local groundwaters for produced water intrusion. Additionally, certain parameters [Na+, Ca2+, K+, Cl−, alkalinity, and TDS] display large concentration disparities between produced water and overlying groundwaters; these parameters would be sensitive indicators of produced water intrusion into overlying groundwaters.  
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  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0883-2927 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ gardiner_utilization_2020 Serial 171  
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Author Rooyen, J.D. van; Watson, A.W.; Miller, J.A. url  openurl
  Title (down) Using tritium and radiocarbon activities to constrain regional modern and fossil groundwater mixing in Southern Africa Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication Journal of Hydrology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 614 Issue Pages 128570  
  Keywords Radiocarbon, Residence time, SADC, Tritium  
  Abstract This study combines historical records of 14C and 3H in the atmosphere and soil with renewal rate and groundwater lumped parameter models to predict the abundance of 14C and 3H in groundwater over time. 624 groundwater samples from numerous studies, over four decades (1978–2019), in South Africa, Namibia, Botswana and Mozambique were collated to compare with predicted groundwater activities of 14C and 3H within the South African Development Community (SADC) region. Spatial datasets of carbonate bearing lithology, C3/C4 vegetation, summer/winter rainfall and coastal proximity were used to apply corrections to 14C and 3H data. Corrected values of 14C and 3H were compared with the theoretical abundance of these tracers, derived from the lumped parameter models, to estimate the general mean residence times and presence of groundwater mixing between modern recharge and older groundwaters. This study found that corrected values produced varying mean residence times derived from 14C ages (∼500–28500 years) and a wide range of potentially mixed waters within each aquifer system (0–100 % of tested wells) across the study area. The largest proportions of mixed groundwater, as well as the youngest mean residence times, were found in alluvial and primary fractured rock aquifers (e.g., western coast of South Africa and southern Mozambique). The smallest proportions of mixed groundwater were predicted in deep confined clay-rich aquifers as well as layered coal bearing carbonate sequences (e.g., Orapa, Malwewe and Serowe, Botswana). Insights into the proportions of mixed groundwater and mean residence times can help assess hydrological resilience on a regional scale. Such information is pertinent in promoting socio-economic development and increased water/food security in the SADC region. By understanding the resilience of groundwater resources, robust and informed strategies for water equality and GDP growth in the SADC region can be envisioned and implemented.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0022-1694 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ rooyen_using_2022 Serial 94  
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