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Author Mühr-Ebert, E.L.; Wagner, F.; Walther, C. url  openurl
  Title Speciation of uranium: Compilation of a thermodynamic database and its experimental evaluation using different analytical techniques Type Journal Article
  Year 2019 Publication Applied Geochemistry Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 100 Issue Pages 213-222  
  Keywords (up)  
  Abstract Environmental hazards are caused by uranium mining legacies and enhanced radioactivity in utilized groundwater and surface water resources. Knowledge of uranium speciation in these waters is essential for predicting radionuclide migration and for installing effective water purification technology. The validity of the thermodynamic data for the environmental media affected by uranium mining legacies is of utmost importance. Therefore, a comprehensive and consistent database was established according to current knowledge. The uranium data included in the database is based on the NEA TDB (Guillaumont et al., 2003) and is modified or supplemented as necessary e.g. for calcium and magnesium uranyl carbonates. The specific ion interaction theory (Brönsted, 1922) is used to estimate activity constants, which is sufficient for the considered low ionic strengths. The success of this approach was evaluated by comparative experimental investigations and model calculations (PHREEQC (Parkhurst and Appelo, 1999)) for several model systems. The waters differ in pH (2.7–9.8), uranium concentration (10−9-10−4 mol/L) and ionic strength (0.002–0.2 mol/L). We used chemical extraction experiments, ESI-Orbitrap-MS and time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLFS) to measure the uranium speciation. The latter method is nonintrusive and therefore does not change the chemical composition of the investigated waters. This is very important, because any change of the system under study may also change the speciation.  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0883-2927 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ muhr-ebert_speciation_2019 Serial 142  
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Author Botha, R.; Lindsay, R.; Newman, R.T.; Maleka, P.P.; Chimba, G. url  openurl
  Title Radon in groundwater baseline study prior to unconventional shale gas development and hydraulic fracturing in the Karoo Basin (South Africa) Type Journal Article
  Year 2019 Publication Applied Radiation and Isotopes Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 147 Issue Pages 7-13  
  Keywords (up)  
  Abstract The prospect of unconventional shale gas development in the semi-arid Karoo Basin (South Africa) has created the prerequisite to temporally characterise the natural radioactivity in associated groundwater which is solely depended on for drinking and agriculture purposes. Radon (222Rn) was the primary natural radionuclide of interest in this study; however, supplementary radium (226Ra and 228Ra) in-water measurements were also conducted. A total of 53 aquifers spanning three provinces were studied during three separate measurement campaigns from 2014 to 2016. The Karoo Basin’s natural radon-in-water levels can be characterised by a minimum of 1 ± 1 Bq/L (consistent with zero or below LLD), a maximum of 183 ± 18 Bq/L and mean of 41 ± 5 Bq/L. The mean radon-in-water levels for shallow aquifers were systematically higher (55 ± 10 Bq/L) compared to deep (14 ± 3 Bq/L) or mixed aquifers (20 ± 6 Bq/L). Radon-in-water activity concentration fluctuations were predominantly observed from shallow aquifers compared to the generally steady levels of deep aquifers. A collective seasonal mean radon-in-water levels increase from the winter of 2014 (44 ± 8 Bq/L) to winter of 2016 (61 ± 16 Bq/L) was noticed which could be related to the extreme national drought experienced in 2015. Radium-in-water (228Ra and 226Ra) levels ranged from below detection level to a maximum of 0.008 Bq/L (226Ra) and 0.015 Bq/L (228Ra). The 228Ra/226Ra ratio was characterised by a minimum of 0.93, a maximum of 6.5 and a mean value of 3.3 ± 1.3. Developing and improving baseline naturally occurring radionuclide groundwater databases is vital to study potential radiological environmental impacts attributed to industrial processes such as hydraulic fracturing or mining.  
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  ISSN 0969-8043 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ botha_radon_2019 Serial 169  
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Author Boulesteix, T.; Cathelineau, M.; Deloule, E.; Brouand, M.; Toubon, H.; Lach, P.; Fiet, N. url  openurl
  Title Ilmenites and their alteration products, sinkholes for uranium and radium in roll-front deposits after the example of South Tortkuduk (Kazakhstan) Type Journal Article
  Year 2019 Publication Journal of Geochemical Exploration Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 206 Issue Pages 106343  
  Keywords (up)  
  Abstract The approximate determination of average Ra/U disequilibria in orebodies is one of the most common causes of errors in U reserve estimations. In roll-front deposits, the disequilibria are however frequently distributed following complex geometries, which must be fully understood to prevent major U reserve overestimates and costly unproductive extractive operations. The processes responsible for disruption of the radioactive equilibria and the U and Ra carriers in such complex natural systems remain poorly constrained. In this contribution, we propose an innovative approach, mixing orebody to sub-grain scale studies to unravel the distribution of U and Ra and the processes responsible for their concentration and uncoupling. Using mineral separations, gamma spectrometry and mineral-chemical analyses, we identified the Fe-Ti clusters (altered ilmenite + pyrite/marcasite) as the microsites for coffinite precipitation and Ra concentration. To understand the influence of such clusters on the distribution of U and Ra at the deposit scale, whole-rock Ra/U disequilibria were measured and mapped at a series of ten drill holes along a profile crosscutting the studied roll-front. The main Ra/U disequilibria are encountered around the mineralization in low U content zones. They are controlled by two main processes. (1) In the oxidized zones, the immobility of 230Th with respect to the U produces patches of Ra disequilibria (carried by the altered U minerals). (2) In the immediate vicinity of the roll-front, the dissolution of the mineralization produces an Ra flux trapped by the alteration products of ilmenites, as definitely confirmed by direct SIMS measurements. Such a process is responsible for the Ra disequilibria envelope located downstream of the richest ores, also known as Ra halo. The highest Ra/U ratios correspond to oxidized upstream samples, but most other high Ra/U ratios are from reduced downstream samples close to the mineralization. Such a low to medium U content envelope with high Ra/U ratios constitutes the main cause of U reserve overestimations.  
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  ISSN 0375-6742 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ boulesteix_ilmenites_2019 Serial 181  
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Author Joseph, J.; Külls, C.; Arend, M.; Schaub, M.; Hagedorn, F.; Gessler, A.; Weiler, M. doi  openurl
  Title Application of a laser-based spectrometer for continuous in situ measurements of stable isotopes of soil CO2 in calcareous and acidic soils Type Journal Article
  Year 2019 Publication Soil Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 5 Issue 1 Pages 49-62  
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  Abstract  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Copernicus Place of Publication Editor  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ Joseph2019application Serial 15  
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Author Illgen, M.; Ackermann, H. url  doi
isbn  openurl
  Title Type Book Chapter
  Year 2019 Publication Urban Flood Prevention: Technical and Institutional Aspects from Chinese and German Perspective Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 173-193  
  Keywords (up)  
  Abstract Today’s cities face the challenge of climate change adaptation worldwide. In this context, prevention of damage caused by flash floods plays an important role. This requires a cooperative pluvial flood risk management approach, which includes planning, technical, and administrative measures and involves preliminary flood risk analyses. This article outlines the main components of this risk management approach, which has proven its effectiveness in Europe. The recommendations formulated for this purpose are applicable or adaptable to regions with other constraints, such as China, for example.  
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  Publisher Springer International Publishing Place of Publication Cham Editor Köster, S.; Reese, M.; Zuo, J.’e  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN 978-3-030-01488-9 Medium  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ Illgen2019 Serial 87  
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