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Klimkova, S., Cernik, M., Lacinova, L., Filip, J., Jancik, D., & Zboril, R. (2011). Zero-valent iron nanoparticles in treatment of acid mine water from in situ uranium leaching. Chemosphere, 82(8), 1178–1184.
Abstract: Acid mine water from in situ chemical leaching of uranium (Straz pod Ralskem, Czech Republic) was treated in laboratory scale experiments by zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI). For the first time, nZVI were applied for the treatment of the real acid water system containing the miscellaneous mixture of pollutants, where the various removal mechanisms occur simultaneously. Toxicity of the treated saline acid water is caused by major contaminants represented by aluminum and sulphates in a high concentration, as well as by microcontaminants like As, Be, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, U, V, and Zn. Laboratory batch experiments proved a significant decrease in concentrations of all the monitored pollutants due to an increase in pH and a decrease in oxidation–reduction potential related to an application of nZVI. The assumed mechanisms of contaminants removal include precipitation of cations in a lower oxidation state, precipitation caused by a simple pH increase and co-precipitation with the formed iron oxyhydroxides. The possibility to control the reaction kinetics through the nature of the surface stabilizing shell (polymer vs. FeO nanolayer) is discussed as an important practical aspect.
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Klock, H., Külls, C., & Udluft, P. (2000). Estimation of relative recharge values for the northern Kalahari catchment, Namibia. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 30(4), 47–48.
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Klock, H., Külls, C., & Udluft, P. (2001). Quantification of Groundwater Recharge-Estimating recharge values using hydrochemical and geological data: A case study from the semiarid Kalahari catchment of northern Namibia. IAHS Publications-Series of Proceedings and Reports-Intern Assoc Hydrological Sciences, 269, 25–32.
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Klock, H., Külls, C., & Udluft, P. (2001). Estimating recharge values using hydrochemical and geological data: a case study from the. In Impact of Human Activity on Groundwater Dynamics: Proceedings of an International Symposium (Symposium S3) Held During the Sixth Scientific Assembly of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS) at Maastricht, The Netherlands, from 18 t (25).
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Konapala, G., Mishra, A. K., Wada, Y., & Mann, M. E. (2020). Climate change will affect global water availability through compounding changes in seasonal precipitation and evaporation. Nature Communications, 11(1), 3044.
Abstract: Both seasonal and annual mean precipitation and evaporation influence patterns of water availability impacting society and ecosystems. Existing global climate studies rarely consider such patterns from non-parametric statistical standpoint. Here, we employ a non-parametric analysis framework to analyze seasonal hydroclimatic regimes by classifying global land regions into nine regimes using late 20th century precipitation means and seasonality. These regimes are used to assess implications for water availability due to concomitant changes in mean and seasonal precipitation and evaporation changes using CMIP5 model future climate projections. Out of 9 regimes, 4 show increased precipitation variation, while 5 show decreased evaporation variation coupled with increasing mean precipitation and evaporation. Increases in projected seasonal precipitation variation in already highly variable precipitation regimes gives rise to a pattern of “seasonally variable regimes becoming more variable”. Regimes with low seasonality in precipitation, instead, experience increased wet season precipitation.
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Krüger, N., Külls, C., Bruggeman, A., Eliades, M., Christophi, C., Rigas, M., et al. (2020). Groundwater recharge estimates with soil isotope profiles-is there a bias on coarse-grained hillslopes? In EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts (9840).
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Külls, C. (2001). Groundwater of the North-Western Kalahari, Namibia: estimation of recharge and quantification of the flow system. Doctoral thesis, Hydrogeologie und Umwelt, .
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Külls, C. (2000). Resolving patterns of groundwater flow by inverse hydrochemical modelling in a semiarid Kalahari. In Tracers and Modelling in Hydrogeology: TraM’2000: Proceedings of TraM’2000, the International Conference on Tracers and Modelling in Hydrogeology Held at Liège, Belgium, in May 2000 (447).
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Külls, C. (2014). Ecohydrological principles in economic models of water resources in drylands and desert restoration.
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Külls, C. (2011). Rekonstruktion hydrologischer Extreme in der Namibwüste. Berichte der naturforschenden Gesellschaft zu Freiburg im Breisgau, (101), 69–81.
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