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Aderemi, B.A.; Olwal, T.O.; Ndambuki, J.M.; Rwanga, S.S. |
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Title |
Groundwater levels forecasting using machine learning models: A case study of the groundwater region 10 at Karst Belt, South Africa |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Systems and Soft Computing |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
5 |
Issue |
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Pages |
200049 |
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Keywords |
Artificial intelligence, Forecasting model, Groundwater levels, Machine learning, Neural networks, Rainfall, Regression, Temperature, Time series |
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Abstract |
The crucial role which groundwater resource plays in our environment and the overall well-being of all living things can not be underestimated. Nonetheless, mismanagement of resources, over-exploitation, inadequate supply of surface water and pollution have led to severe drought and an overall drop in groundwater resources’ levels over the past decades. To address this, a groundwater flow model and several mathematical data-driven models have been developed for forecasting groundwater levels. However, there is a problem of unavailability and scarcity of the on-site input data needed by the data-driven models to forecast the groundwater level. Furthermore, as a result of the dynamics and stochastic characteristics of groundwater, there is a need for an appropriate, accurate and reliable forecasting model to solve these challenges. Over the years, the broad application of Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) models are gaining attraction as an alternative solution for forecasting groundwater levels. Against this background, this article provides an overview of forecasting methods for predicting groundwater levels. Also, this article uses ML models such as Regressions Models, Deep Auto-Regressive models, and Nonlinear Autoregressive Neural Networks with External Input (NARX) to forecast groundwater levels using the groundwater region 10 at Karst belt in South Africa as a case study. This was done using Python Mx. Version 1.9.1., and MATLAB R2022a machine learning toolboxes. Moreover, the Coefficient of Determination (R2);, Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mutual Information gain, Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), Mean Squared Error (MSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and the Mean Absolute Scaled Error (MASE)) models were the forecasting statistical performance metrics used to assess the predictive performance of these models. The results obtained showed that NARX and Support Vector Machine (SVM) have higher performance metrics and accuracy compared to other models used in this study. |
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2772-9419 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Aderemi2023200049 |
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219 |
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Author |
Rajfur, M.; Kłos, A.; Wacławek, M. |
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Title |
Sorption properties of algae Spirogyra sp. and their use for determination of heavy metal ions concentrations in surface water |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Bioelectrochemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
80 |
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1 |
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81-86 |
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Keywords |
Biomonitoring, Heavy metal ions, Algae sp., Sorption kinetics, Langmuir isotherm |
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Abstract |
Kinetics of heavy-metal ions sorption by alga Spirogyra sp. was evaluated experimentally in the laboratory, using both the static and the dynamic approach. The metal ions – Mn2+, Cu2+, Zn2+ and Cd2+ – were sorbed from aqueous solutions of their salts. The static experiments showed that the sorption equilibria were attained in 30min, with 90-95% of metal ions sorbed in first 10min of each process. The sorption equilibria were approximated with the Langmuir isotherm model. The algae sorbed each heavy metal ions proportionally to the amount of this metal ions in solution. The experiments confirmed that after 30min of exposition to contaminated water, the concentration of heavy metal ions in the algae, which initially contained small amounts of these metal ions, increased proportionally to the concentration of metal ions in solution. The presented results can be used for elaboration of a method for classification of surface waters that complies with the legal regulations. |
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1567-5394 |
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A Selection of Papers presented at the 4th International Workshop on Surface Modification for Chemical and Biochemical Sensing (SMCBS 2009) |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Rajfur201081 |
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283 |
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Author |
Konapala, G.; Mishra, A.K.; Wada, Y.; Mann, M.E. |
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Title |
Climate change will affect global water availability through compounding changes in seasonal precipitation and evaporation |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
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Nature Communications |
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11 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
3044 |
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Both seasonal and annual mean precipitation and evaporation influence patterns of water availability impacting society and ecosystems. Existing global climate studies rarely consider such patterns from non-parametric statistical standpoint. Here, we employ a non-parametric analysis framework to analyze seasonal hydroclimatic regimes by classifying global land regions into nine regimes using late 20th century precipitation means and seasonality. These regimes are used to assess implications for water availability due to concomitant changes in mean and seasonal precipitation and evaporation changes using CMIP5 model future climate projections. Out of 9 regimes, 4 show increased precipitation variation, while 5 show decreased evaporation variation coupled with increasing mean precipitation and evaporation. Increases in projected seasonal precipitation variation in already highly variable precipitation regimes gives rise to a pattern of “seasonally variable regimes becoming more variable”. Regimes with low seasonality in precipitation, instead, experience increased wet season precipitation. |
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English |
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2041-1723 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Konapala2020 |
Serial |
284 |
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Author |
Wolfe, P. |
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Title |
The Simplex Method For Quadratic Programming |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1959 |
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Econometrica |
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27 |
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170 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Wolfe1959 |
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285 |
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United Nations |
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Stampriet Transboundary Aquifer System Assessment: governance of Groundwater resources in Transboundary Aquifers (GGRETA), phase 1: technical report |
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Miscellaneous |
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1998 |
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Incl. bibl. |
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Call Number |
THL @ christoph.kuells @ |
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286 |
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Author |
Puri, S. |
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Title |
Chapter 9 – Transboundary aquifers: a shared subsurface asset, in urgent need of sound governance |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Global Groundwater |
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113-128 |
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ILC Draft Articles, impact on GDP, sound governance, Transboundary aquifers |
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Apart from some notable exceptions, the sound governance of transboundary aquifers (coupled or uncoupled to rivers) is seriously lacking in most regions of the world, despite a highly successful 20-year ISARM initiative. The distinction between regions of water abundance (as in the Haute Savoie–Geneva aquifers) and those of water scarcity (\textless1000 m3/an/capita), as in the Rum-Saq aquifer, ought to be a driver for the urgency in adopting sound governance. In the latter regions, however, such an urgent response faces too many hurdles (institutional, financial, and weak capacity). Climate change, one of the global megatrends (among demography, economic shift, resources stress, urbanization, and novel viruses such as COVID-19), will exacerbate the problem in the coming decade and beyond. This chapter provides an critical perspective on the status of this subsurface asset in 570 or so, domestic and transboundary aquifers of the world (self-identified by country experts), while taking full account of their interconnections, or not, with surface waters. This critical perspective will be grounded in two important factors, first the hiatus in adoption by countries of the evolving international water law and guidance on transboundary aquifers (the Draft Articles, which provide legal pathways for collaboration or eventually dispute resolution), and second the framework of the sustainable development goals (SDG) 6 (clean water and sanitation), which countries have committed themselves to with reference to transboundary waters. The critical perspective finds that despite the lack of momentum in adopting formal global norms, sporadic cooperation and collaboration is continuing and is well received, when delivered methodically through the support of international agencies. The findings of the critical perspective are that even if water-related SDGs will have been achieved across the world, it would contribute precious little to meaningful enhancement of governance of transboundary aquifers, unless they have been explicitly addressed in terms that are tangible to decision makers, such as the impact of disregarding them on the current or future national GDP. The onset of a “new socioeconomic normal” in the aftermath of COVID-19 could further defer meaningful progress, taking the example of Latin America, where a 5% decline has been forecast for 2020. With such declines in the finances of governments, attention to shared aquifer resources may well decline even further. Urgent wise reaction to this possibility must be a priority for the professional science-policy community. |
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Elsevier |
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Mukherjee, A.; Scanlon, B.R.; Aureli, A.; Langan, S.; Guo, H.; McKenzie, A.A. |
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978-0-12-818172-0 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ mukherjee_chapter_2021 |
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106 |
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Pisa, P.F.; Nehren, U.; Sebesvari, Z.; Rai, S.; Wong, I. |
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Chapter 17 – Nature-based solutions to reduce risks and build resilience in mountain regions |
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Book Chapter |
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2024 |
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Safeguarding Mountain Social-Ecological Systems |
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115-126 |
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Nature-based solutions, mountains, climate change adaptation, disaster risk reduction, ecosystem services, SDGs |
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Nature-based solutions (NbS) are increasingly recognized as effective environmental-management measures to address societal challenges such as climate change, water and food security, and disaster risk reduction, thus contributing to human well-being and protecting biodiversity. In addition to being particularly susceptible to these challenges, mountain areas are prone to multihazard conditions, due to their steep topography and particular climatic conditions. NbS can contribute greatly to the sustainable development of mountain ecosystems. This chapter presents examples of NbS in mountain areas around the globe that demonstrate how this approach contributes to achieving sustainable development. |
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Elsevier |
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Schneiderbauer, S.; Pisa, P.F.; Shroder, J.F.; Szarzynski, J. |
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978-0-12-822095-5 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Fontanellapisa2024115 |
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263 |
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Author |
Mekuria, W.; Tegegne, D. |
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Title |
Water harvesting |
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Book Chapter |
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2023 |
Publication |
Encyclopedia of Soils in the Environment (Second Edition) |
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593-607 |
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Climate change, Ecosystem services, Environmental benefits, Population growth, Resilient community, Resilient environment, Socio-economic benefits, Urbanizations, Water harvesting, Water quality, Water security |
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Water harvesting is the intentional collection and concentration of rainwater and runoff to offset irrigation demands. Secondary benefits include decreased flood and erosion risk. Water harvesting techniques include micro- and macro-catchment systems, floodwater harvesting, and rooftop and groundwater harvesting. The techniques vary with catchment type and size, and the method of water storage. Micro-catchment water harvesting, for example, requires the development of small structures and targets increased water delivery and storage to the root zone whereas macro-catchment systems collect runoff water from large areas. The sustainability of water harvesting techniques at the local level are usually constrained by several factors such as labor, construction costs, loss of productive land, and maintenance, suggesting that multiple solutions are required to sustain the benefits of water harvesting techniques. |
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Academic Press |
Place of Publication |
Oxford |
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Goss, M.J.; Oliver, M. |
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978-0-323-95133-3 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Mekuria2023593 |
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225 |
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Author |
Mekuria, W.; Tegegne, D. |
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Title |
Water harvesting |
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Book Chapter |
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2023 |
Publication |
Encyclopedia of Soils in the Environment (Second Edition) |
Abbreviated Journal |
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593-607 |
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Climate change, Ecosystem services, Environmental benefits, Population growth, Resilient community, Resilient environment, Socio-economic benefits, Urbanizations, Water harvesting, Water quality, Water security |
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Abstract |
Water harvesting is the intentional collection and concentration of rainwater and runoff to offset irrigation demands. Secondary benefits include decreased flood and erosion risk. Water harvesting techniques include micro- and macro-catchment systems, floodwater harvesting, and rooftop and groundwater harvesting. The techniques vary with catchment type and size, and the method of water storage. Micro-catchment water harvesting, for example, requires the development of small structures and targets increased water delivery and storage to the root zone whereas macro-catchment systems collect runoff water from large areas. The sustainability of water harvesting techniques at the local level are usually constrained by several factors such as labor, construction costs, loss of productive land, and maintenance, suggesting that multiple solutions are required to sustain the benefits of water harvesting techniques. |
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Academic Press |
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Oxford |
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Goss, M.J.; Oliver, M. |
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978-0-323-95133-3 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Mekuria2023593 |
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265 |
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Author |
Tanwer, N.; Arora, V.; Kant, K.; Singh, B.; Laura, J.S.; Khosla, B. |
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Chapter 17 – Prevalence of Uranium in groundwater of rural and urban regions of India |
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Book Chapter |
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2024 |
Publication |
Water Resources Management for Rural Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
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213-234 |
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Distribution, Heath impacts, Remediation techniques, Sources, Uranium |
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Abnormally high uranium (U) prevalence in groundwater is a neoteric subject of concern throughout the world because of its direct impact on human health and well-being. Groundwater is used as the most preferred choice for drinking because of its good quality and ease of availability in rural and urban parts of India, and also in different parts of the world. India is an agriculture-dominant country and its 50–80% irrigational requirement is met by groundwater, besides this nearly 90% of rural and 50% of urban water needs are fulfilled by groundwater. The uranium concentration in groundwater in different parts of India namely Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, etc. found to be varying from 0 mg/L to 1443 mg/L, and in different parts of the world, it is found up to 1400 mg/L in the countries like United States, Canada, Finland, Mongolia, Nigeria, South Korea, Pakistan, Burundi, China, Afghanistan, etc. Various natural factors such as geology, hydro-geochemistry, and prevailing conditions as well as anthropogenic factors including mining, nuclear activities, erratic use of fertilizers, and overexploitation of groundwater resources are responsible for adding uranium in groundwater. Groundwater is considered a primary source of uranium ingestion in human beings as it contributes 85% while food contributes 15%. Uranium affects living beings as a two-way sword, being a radioactive element, causing radiotoxicity, and on the other hand as a heavy metal, it causes chemotoxicity. The main target organs affected by the consumption of uranium-contaminated water are kidneys, bones, lungs, etc. It can cause renal failure, impair cell functioning and bone growth, and mutation in DNA. Although, its toxic effects, being a heavy metal, are more severe than its radiotoxicity. Various techniques are available for the efficient removal of uranium from the groundwater such as bioremediation, nanotechnology-enhanced remediation, adsorption, filtration, etc. This chapter entails a comprehensive investigation of uranium contamination in groundwater of rural and urban parts of India their probable sources, health impacts, treatment, and mitigation techniques available to manage groundwater resources. |
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Elsevier |
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Madhav, S.; Srivastav, A.L.; Izah, S.C.; Hullebusch, E. van |
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978-0-443-18778-0 |
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Call Number |
THL @ christoph.kuells @ madhav_chapter_2024 |
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152 |
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