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Hamidian, A.; Ghorbani, M.; Abdolshahnejad, M.; Abdolshahnejad, A. |
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RETRACTED: Qanat, Traditional Eco-technology for Irrigation and Water Management |
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2015 |
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Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia |
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4 |
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119-125 |
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This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal). This article has been retracted at the request of Editor. The authors have plagiarized part of a book Veins of Desert, by Semsar Yazdi, Ali Asghar; Labbaf Khaneiki, Majid published by UNESCO-ICQHS, 2010 pages 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 11, 44, 156, 157 and 158. One of the conditions of submission of a paper for publication is that authors declare explicitly that their work is original and has not appeared in a publication elsewhere. Re-use of any data should be appropriately cited. |
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2210-7843 |
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Efficient irrigation management and its effects in urban and rural landscapes |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Hamidian2015119 |
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252 |
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French, K. |
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Title |
Indigenous knowledge, water management, and learning from our collective past |
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2022 |
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Journal of Anthropological Archaeology |
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68 |
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101466 |
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0278-4165 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ French2022101466 |
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253 |
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Lightfoot, D.R. |
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Title |
Moroccan khettara: Traditional irrigation and progressive desiccation |
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1996 |
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Geoforum |
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27 |
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2 |
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261-273 |
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A 300 km network of khettara (qanat) subsurface irrigation channels was excavated in the Tafilalt basin beginning in the late 14th century. More than 75 of these chains provided perennial water following the breakup of the ancient city of Sijilmassa. Khettara continued to function for much of the northern oasis until the early 1970s, when new technologies and government policies forced changes. Data on origins, maintenance, and current use were collected from archival sources, aerial photographs, Landsat imagery, and from interviews. Insufficient water resources and unsustainable practices have dramatically lowered the water table, drying up khettara. This has resulted in a loss of local control over water resources, abandonment of a sustainable irrigation system, and progressive desiccation. |
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0016-7185 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Lightfoot1996261 |
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257 |
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Ubierna, J.A.J. |
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Tunnel heritage in Spain: Roots of the underground |
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1998 |
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Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology |
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13 |
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2 |
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131-141 |
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Spain has deep roots in the underground. The territory of myth and legend, of cave and tunnel, has existed in Spain since that ancient time overwhelmed with shreds of fog, where all was myth around heros like Túbal Hércules, Gárgoris and Abidis. The underground evokes strong links with life and death, light and darkness, and has served as a source of inspiration for art through the centuries. The history of tunnels in Spain reflects the mosaic of cultures that have inhabited Iberia from prehistoric times till today. This contribution on the subterranean History of Spain traces the country’s heritage in the form of natural caves, troglodyte dwellings, mining, crypts, galleries in fortresses and castles, aqueducts, qanats, cellars, and other landmarks. |
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0886-7798 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Ubierna1998131 |
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260 |
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Rubin, R. |
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Title |
Water conservation methods in Israel’s Negev desert in late antiquity |
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1988 |
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Journal of Historical Geography |
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14 |
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3 |
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229-244 |
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Settlement in Israel’s Negev desert historically has been dependent on water conservation techniques. Fieldwork carried out on settlement sites constructed during the Byzantine period, when agriculture and trade flourished, revealed a variety of water installations some of which are in use today. Perennial springs in the Negev are generally small and difficult of access. Cisterns were the most common conservation devices and came in both large, enclosed and single, open forms. Cisterns were common particularly in the towns, where they were usually built as part of house foundations. Dams were discovered at several sites but proved to be inefficient and easily abandoned because of evaporation and siltation problems. Public reservoirs were part of the structure of the largest towns and were open and among the larges structures uncovered at settlement sites. Wells were distributed widely throughout the desert and were part of the only conservation system that did not depend directly on surface rainfall. A qanat system was located in the eastern Negev dating from the late settlement period before the area was abandoned at the turn of the eighth century. These various water systems raise questions about their builders and their origins, and suggests that builders originating in more humid Mediterranean environments tended to produce less adaptable installations than builders derived from the south or the east. |
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0305-7488 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Rubin1988229 |
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262 |
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