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Author Wang, B.; Luo, Y.; Qian, J.-zhong; Liu, J.-hui; Li, X.; Zhang, Y.-hong; Chen, Q.-qian; Li, L.-yao; Liang, D.-ye; Huang, J. url  openurl
  Title Machine learning–based optimal design of the in-situ leaching process parameter (ISLPP) for the acid in-situ leaching of uranium Type Journal Article
  Year 2023 Publication Journal of Hydrology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 626 Issue Pages 130234  
  Keywords (down) In-situ leaching, Injection rate design, Lixiviant concentration design, Machine learning, Simulation-optimisation, Uncertainty  
  Abstract The migration process of leached uranium in the in-situ leaching of uranium is considered a typical reactive transport problem. During this process, the lixiviant concentration and injection rate are important in-situ leaching process parameters (ISLPP) to efficiently recover uranium. However, several uncertain factors affect the outcomes of the ISLPP design. In addition, the repeated use of the reactive transport model (RTM) for investigating the acid in-situ leaching of uranium with the application of the Monte Carlo method leads to a substantial computational load. For this reason, a machine learning (ML)–based surrogate model was developed with the backpropagation neural network (BPNN) method to replace the RTM under the condition of uncertain parameters. Moreover, the simulated annealing optimisation model for ISLPP was created based on the proposed surrogate model. The optimal ISLPP was achieved that generated maximum profits from uranium recovery under different lixiviant prices, uranium prices and exploitation times. The optimal design framework of ISLPP based on the proposed ML algorithm was then applied in the Bayan-Uul sandstone-type uranium deposit in Inner Mongolia, China. From our analysis, it was demonstrated that the ML-based surrogate model exhibited great fitness with the RTM. The optimal results of the ISLPP indicated that the lixiviant concentration and injection rate could be adjusted based on the fluctuations in lixiviant price, uranium price and exploitation time. If the prices of sulphuric acid were high, a specific concentration of hydrogen peroxide could be injected into the injection well to promote the oxidation and dissolution of the uranium ore to increase the income from the uranium recovery. The optimisation model can also use the ISLPP scheme to boost the revenues from different lixiviant prices, uranium prices and exploitation times under the uncertainty of porosity, illustrating the applicability of the ML-based optimal design method of ISLPP in ISL mining. A general framework for developing surrogate models, as well as for conducting uncertainty analyses for a wide range of groundwater models was proposed here yielding valuable insights.  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0022-1694 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ wang_machine_2023 Serial 210  
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Author Zeng, S.; Song, J.; Sun, B.; Wang, F.; Ye, W.; Shen, Y.; Li, H. url  openurl
  Title Seepage characteristics of the leaching solution during in situ leaching of uranium Type Journal Article
  Year 2023 Publication Nuclear Engineering and Technology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 55 Issue 2 Pages 566-574  
  Keywords (down) In situ leaching, Leaching solution viscosity, Seepage characteristics, Seepage pressure, Uranium-bearing sandstone  
  Abstract Investigating the seepage characteristics of the leaching solution in the ore-bearing layer during the in situ leaching process can be useful for designing the process parameters for the uranium mining well. We prepared leaching solutions of four different viscosities and conducted experiments using a self-developed multifunctional uranium ore seepage test device. The effects of different viscosities of leaching solutions on the seepage characteristics of uranium-bearing sandstones were examined using seepage mechanics, physicochemical seepage theory, and dissolution erosion mechanism. Results indicated that while the seepage characteristics of various viscosities of leaching solutions were the same in rock samples with similar internal pore architectures, there were regular differences between the saturated and the unsaturated stages. In addition, the time required for the specimen to reach saturation varied with the viscosity of the leaching solution. The higher the viscosity of the solution, the slower the seepage flow from the unsaturated stage to the saturated stage. Furthermore, during the saturation stage, the seepage pressure of a leaching solution with a high viscosity was greater than that of a leaching solution with a low viscosity. However, the permeability coefficient of the high viscosity leaching solution was less than that of a low viscosity leaching solution.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1738-5733 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ zeng_seepage_2023 Serial 211  
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Author Hu, K.; Wang, Q.; Tao, G.; Wang, A.; Ding, D. url  openurl
  Title Experimental Study on Restoration of Polluted Groundwater from in Situ Leaching Uranium Mining with Sulfate Reducing Bacteria and ZVI-SRB Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Procedia Earth and Planetary Science Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 2 Issue Pages 150-155  
  Keywords (down) In situ leaching of uranium, nitrate radical, sulfate radical, Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria (SRB), Zero Valent Iron (ZVI)  
  Abstract In the case of in situ leaching of uranium, the primitive geochemical environment for groundwater is changed since leachant is injected into the water beaving uranium deposit. This increases the concentration of uranium and results in the groundwater contamination.Microbial reduction technology by Sulfate reducing bacteria and Zero Valent Iron were employed to treat uranium wastewater. The experiments were conducted to evaluate the influence of anion (sulfate and nitrate) on dealing with uranium wastewater. Experimental results show that the utilization of both SRB system and ZVI – SRB system to process uranium wastewater is affected by sulfate ion and nitrate ion. As the concentration of sulfate radical is lower than 4000mg/L, sulfate-reducing bacteria has no influence on precipitated uranium. However, as the concentration of sulfate is more than 6,000mg/L, uranium removal rate decreases significantly, from 80% to 14.1%. When adding sulfate radical on ZVI – SRB system to process uranium wastewater, its uranium removal rate is higher than SRB system. Low concentration of nitrate contributes to reduction metabolism of SRB. High concentration of nitrate inhibits the growth and metabolism of SRB and affects the treatment efficiency of uranium wastewater. When the concentration of nitrate reaches 1500mg/L, uranium removal rate is less than 0.1%. Nevertheless, as the concentration of nitrate is lower than 1000mg/L, uranium removal rate could reach more than 75%. As existence of nitrate radical, uranium removal rate of SRB by adding ZVI is higher than that without adding.  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1878-5220 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ hu_experimental_2011 Serial 202  
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Author Puri, S. url  isbn
openurl 
  Title Chapter 9 – Transboundary aquifers: a shared subsurface asset, in urgent need of sound governance Type Book Chapter
  Year 2021 Publication Global Groundwater Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 113-128  
  Keywords (down) ILC Draft Articles, impact on GDP, sound governance, Transboundary aquifers  
  Abstract Apart from some notable exceptions, the sound governance of transboundary aquifers (coupled or uncoupled to rivers) is seriously lacking in most regions of the world, despite a highly successful 20-year ISARM initiative. The distinction between regions of water abundance (as in the Haute Savoie–Geneva aquifers) and those of water scarcity (\textless1000 m3/an/capita), as in the Rum-Saq aquifer, ought to be a driver for the urgency in adopting sound governance. In the latter regions, however, such an urgent response faces too many hurdles (institutional, financial, and weak capacity). Climate change, one of the global megatrends (among demography, economic shift, resources stress, urbanization, and novel viruses such as COVID-19), will exacerbate the problem in the coming decade and beyond. This chapter provides an critical perspective on the status of this subsurface asset in 570 or so, domestic and transboundary aquifers of the world (self-identified by country experts), while taking full account of their interconnections, or not, with surface waters. This critical perspective will be grounded in two important factors, first the hiatus in adoption by countries of the evolving international water law and guidance on transboundary aquifers (the Draft Articles, which provide legal pathways for collaboration or eventually dispute resolution), and second the framework of the sustainable development goals (SDG) 6 (clean water and sanitation), which countries have committed themselves to with reference to transboundary waters. The critical perspective finds that despite the lack of momentum in adopting formal global norms, sporadic cooperation and collaboration is continuing and is well received, when delivered methodically through the support of international agencies. The findings of the critical perspective are that even if water-related SDGs will have been achieved across the world, it would contribute precious little to meaningful enhancement of governance of transboundary aquifers, unless they have been explicitly addressed in terms that are tangible to decision makers, such as the impact of disregarding them on the current or future national GDP. The onset of a “new socioeconomic normal” in the aftermath of COVID-19 could further defer meaningful progress, taking the example of Latin America, where a 5% decline has been forecast for 2020. With such declines in the finances of governments, attention to shared aquifer resources may well decline even further. Urgent wise reaction to this possibility must be a priority for the professional science-policy community.  
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  Publisher Elsevier Place of Publication Editor Mukherjee, A.; Scanlon, B.R.; Aureli, A.; Langan, S.; Guo, H.; McKenzie, A.A.  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN 978-0-12-818172-0 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ mukherjee_chapter_2021 Serial 106  
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Author Pham, H.C.; Alila, Y. url  openurl
  Title Science of forests and floods: The quantum leap forward needed, literally and metaphorically Type Journal Article
  Year 2024 Publication Science of The Total Environment Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 912 Issue Pages 169646  
  Keywords (down) Hydrological causality, Extreme value analyses, Land use impact, Peakflows, Extreme events epistemology, Experimental design  
  Abstract A century of research has generated considerable disagreement on the effect of forests on floods. Here we call for a causal inference framework to advance the science and management of the effect of any forest or its removal on flood severity and frequency. The causes of floods are multiple and chancy and, hence, can only be investigated via a probabilistic approach. We use the stochastic hydrology literature to infer a blueprint framework which could guide future research on the understanding and prediction of the effects of forests on floods in environments where rain is the dominant form of precipitation. Drawing parallels from other disciplines, we show that the introduction of probability in forest hydrology could stimulate a gestalt switch in the science of forests and floods. In light of increasing flood risk caused by climate change, this probabilistic framework can help policymakers develop robust forest and water management plans based on a defensible and clear understanding of floods.  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0048-9697 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ Pham2024169646 Serial 244  
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