| Records |
| Author |
Nijsten, G.-J.; Christelis, G.; Villholth, K.G.; Braune, E.; Gaye, C.B. |
Title  |
Transboundary aquifers of Africa: Review of the current state of knowledge and progress towards sustainable development and management |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
20 |
Issue |
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Pages |
21-34 |
| Keywords |
Africa, Assessment, Governance, Indicators, Transboundary aquifers |
| Abstract |
Study region Transboundary aquifers (TBAs) of Africa. Study focus Review of work on TBAs in Africa, including an overview of assessments and management efforts that have taken place over the last half century. New hydrological insights Seventy-two TBAs have been mapped in Africa. They underlie 40% of the continent, where 33% of the population lives, often in arid or semi-arid regions. TBA inventories have progressed since 2000 and remain work in progress. Despite their importance only eleven TBAs have been subjected to more detailed studies. Cooperation has been formalised for seven TBAs. Most of these TBAs are in North Africa and the Sahel. The recent global Transboundary Waters Assessment Programme compiled information at the national level to describe TBAs in terms of key indicators related to the water resource, socio-economic, and legal and institutional conditions. Availability of data at national level is low, hampering regional assessment. Comparing indicators, from questionnaire surveys, with those from a global water-use model showed variable levels of agreement, calling for further research. Reports on agreements scoping TBA management, indicate that this may be dealt with within international river/lake agreements, but reported inconsistencies between TBA sharing countries also indicate that implementation is limited. Increasing awareness and support to joint TBA management is noticeable amongst international organisations. However, such cooperation requires long-term commitment to produce impacts at the local level. |
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2214-5818 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ nijsten_transboundary_2018 |
Serial |
93 |
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| Author |
Remmington, G. |
| Title |
Transforming tradition: The aflaj and changing role of traditional knowledge systems for collective water management |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Journal of Arid Environments |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
151 |
Issue |
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Pages |
134-140 |
| Keywords |
Collective action, Subterranean tunnel-wells, , Traditional knowledge, Hydraulic heritage |
| Abstract |
Living in a harsh, desert climate, Omani rural communities have developed locally-appropriate knowledge to deal with water scarcity. Similar to the qanat, the aflaj taps into the natural water table and uses a gravity system to channel water through underground channels to villages. Traditional techniques of water management, such as the aflaj, represents a way of adapting to and coping with difficult climates which have persisted for millennia. However, knowledge systems have often ‘decayed’ with the onset of modernity. These management systems, which developed concurrently with early Omani date palm cultivation, have defined customary and hereditary water rights which are in decline. This article uses Ostrom’s Common Pool Resource (CPR) framework, which prioritises the collective management of shared resources to maximise the benefit for all involved and avoid diminishing benefits that are created by the pursuit of individual goals. Using this framework, this article’s evaluation of the literature found that traditional aflaj management systems have a great capacity to evolve and, therefore, the aflaj represents both a dying system, and a potential for climate adaptation. Historically, aflaj have been managed by ancient water users associations, which provide social controls and govern usage norms. The findings of this review are that the aflaj system’s ability to respond to pressures of modernity from competing institutions, including markets, and embedded social capital mechanisms will influence its capacity to mitigate uncertain hydrology and climate. This article suggests ways in which the management of the aflaj can adapt to a multiple institutional framework to ‘transform’ collective water management. |
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0140-1963 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Remmington2018134 |
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258 |
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| Author |
YI, Z.-ji; LIAN, B.; YANG, Y.-qun; ZOU, J.-ling |
| Title |
Treatment of simulated wastewater from in situ leaching uranium mining by zerovalent iron and sulfate reducing bacteria |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China |
Abbreviated Journal |
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19 |
Issue |
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Pages |
840 |
| Keywords |
basification, sulfate, sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB), uranium, wastewater, zerovalent iron (ZVI) |
| Abstract |
Batch and column experiments were conducted to determine whether zerovalent iron (ZVI) and sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) can function synergistically and accelerate pollutant removal. Batch experiments suggest that combining ZVI with SRB can enhance the removal of U(?) synergistically. The removal rate of U(?) in the ZVI+SRB combining system is obviously higher than the total rate of ZVI system and SRB system with a difference of 13.4% at t=2 h and 29.9% at t=4 h. Column experiments indicate that the reactor filled with both ZVI and SRB biofilms is of better performance than the SRB bioreactor in wastewater basification, desulfurization and U(?) fixation. The results imply that the ZVI+SRB permeable reactive barrier may be a promising method for treating subsurface uranium contamination. |
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1003-6326 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ yi_treatment_2009 |
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206 |
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| Author |
Ubierna, J.A.J. |
| Title |
Tunnel heritage in Spain: Roots of the underground |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1998 |
Publication |
Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
13 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
131-141 |
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Spain has deep roots in the underground. The territory of myth and legend, of cave and tunnel, has existed in Spain since that ancient time overwhelmed with shreds of fog, where all was myth around heros like Túbal Hércules, Gárgoris and Abidis. The underground evokes strong links with life and death, light and darkness, and has served as a source of inspiration for art through the centuries. The history of tunnels in Spain reflects the mosaic of cultures that have inhabited Iberia from prehistoric times till today. This contribution on the subterranean History of Spain traces the country’s heritage in the form of natural caves, troglodyte dwellings, mining, crypts, galleries in fortresses and castles, aqueducts, qanats, cellars, and other landmarks. |
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0886-7798 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Ubierna1998131 |
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260 |
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Carrión, A.; Fornes, A. |
| Title |
Underground medieval water distribution network in a Spanish town |
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Journal Article |
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2016 |
Publication |
Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology |
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51 |
Issue |
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Pages |
90-97 |
| Keywords |
Water distribution, Underground cistern, Medieval tunnel |
| Abstract |
The city of Alcudia de Crespins, in the centre of the Valencia province (east of Spain), has an exceptional water distribution system that in the past served fresh water to many houses in the town. This system is formed by more than one km of tunnels and underground cisterns, and dates probably in the late medieval times, while it has been in use and suffering modifications until 1955. This paper presents the structure and characteristics of such exceptional system, and explains the functioning parameters of the infrastructure. |
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0886-7798 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Carrion201690 |
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264 |
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| Author |
Seidl, C.; Wheeler, S.A.; Page, D. |
| Title |
Understanding the global success criteria for managed aquifer recharge schemes |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2024 |
Publication |
Journal of Hydrology |
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628 |
Issue |
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Pages |
130469 |
| Keywords |
Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR), Fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis, Water banking, Groundwater, Water management, Water storage |
| Abstract |
Water availability and quality issues will only gain importance in the future, with climate change impacts putting increasing pressure on global water resources. Dealing with these challenges requires drawing on all available water management tools, including Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR). Although MAR has seen increasing global implementation during the last half a century, it is still often overlooked as a management tool. While technical, bio-physical, and hydrogeological aspects of MAR are well researched, this cannot be said for socio-economic and other governance factors. Where information is available, this study seeks to understand the conditions necessary for MAR success. We apply fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis on 313 world MAR applications, and also model separately for high- and low-middle-income countries. Results show that sophisticated hydrogeological site understanding and scheme operation is paramount for MAR success, as is utilizing natural water sources for high value end uses. Successful high-income country MAR schemes tend to be large and utilize natural water sources and sophisticated water injection and treatment methods to augment potable water supply; while successful low-middle-income country schemes are not large, older than 20 years, and use gravity infiltration methods and (limited) no water treatment. These findings will help inform the future suitability of MAR application design and its likely success within various contexts. |
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0022-1694 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Seidl2024130469 |
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273 |
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Milena-Pérez, A.; Piñero-García, F.; Benavente, J.; Expósito-Suárez, V.M.; Vacas-Arquero, P.; Ferro-García, M.A. |
| Title |
Uranium content and uranium isotopic disequilibria as a tool to identify hydrogeochemical processes |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Journal of Environmental Radioactivity |
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227 |
Issue |
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Pages |
106503 |
| Keywords |
234U/238U, Betic cordillera, Groundwater, Hydrogeochemistry, Uranium natural isotopes |
| Abstract |
This paper studies the uranium content and uranium isotopic disequilibria as a tool to identify hydrogeochemical processes from 52 groundwater samples in the province of Granada (Betic Cordillera, southeastern Spain). According to the geological complexity of the zone, three groups of samples have been considered. In Group 1 (thermal waters; longest residence time), the average uranium content was 2.63 ± 0.16 μg/L, and 234U/238U activity ratios (AR) were the highest of all samples, averaging 1.92 ± 0.30. In Group 2 (mainly springs from carbonate aquifers; intermediate residence time), dissolved uranium presented an average value of 1.34 ± 0.13 μg/L, while AR average value was 1.38 ± 0.25. Group 3 comes from pumping wells in a highly anthropized alluvial aquifer. In this group, where the residence time of the groundwater is the shortest of the three, average uranium content was 5.28 ± 0.26 μg/L, and average AR is the lowest (1.17 ± 0.12). In addition, the high dissolved uranium value and the low AR brought to light the contribution of fertilizers (Group 3). In the three groups, 235U/238U activity ratios were similar to the natural value of 0.046. Therefore, 235U detected in the samples comes from natural sources. This study is completed with the determination of major ions and physicochemical parameters in the groundwater samples and the statistical analysis of the data by using the Principal Component Analysis. This calculation indicates the correlation between uranium isotopes and bicarbonate and nitrate anions. |
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0265-931x |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ milena-perez_uranium_2021 |
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112 |
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| Author |
Liesch, T.; Hinrichsen, S.; Goldscheider, N. |
| Title |
Uranium in groundwater — Fertilizers versus geogenic sources |
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Journal Article |
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2015 |
Publication |
Science of The Total Environment |
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536 |
Issue |
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Pages |
981-995 |
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Drinking water, Fertilizer, Geogenic background, Groundwater, Uranium |
| Abstract |
Due to its radiological and toxicological properties even at low concentration levels, uranium is increasingly recognized as relevant contaminant in drinking water from aquifers. Uranium originates from different sources, including natural or geogenic, mining and industrial activities, and fertilizers in agriculture. The goal of this study was to obtain insights into the origin of uranium in groundwater while differentiating between geogenic sources and fertilizers. A literature review concerning the sources and geochemical processes affecting the occurrence and distribution of uranium in the lithosphere, pedosphere and hydrosphere provided the background for the evaluation of data on uranium in groundwater at regional scale. The state of Baden-Württemberg, Germany, was selected for this study, because of its hydrogeological and land-use diversity, and for reasons of data availability. Uranium and other parameters from N=1935 groundwater monitoring sites were analyzed statistically and geospatially. Results show that (i) 1.6% of all water samples exceed the German legal limit for drinking water (10μg/L); (ii) The range and spatial distribution of uranium and occasional peak values seem to be related to geogenic sources; (iii) There is a clear relation between agricultural land-use and low-level uranium concentrations, indicating that fertilizers generate a measurable but low background of uranium in groundwater. |
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0048-9697 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ liesch_uranium_2015 |
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145 |
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| Author |
Smedley, P.L.; Kinniburgh, D.G. |
| Title |
Uranium in natural waters and the environment: Distribution, speciation and impact |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Applied Geochemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
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148 |
Issue |
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Pages |
105534 |
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Drinking water, Mine water, NORM, Radionuclide, Redox, U isotopes, Uranium, Uranyl |
| Abstract |
The concentrations of U in natural waters are usually low, being typically less than 4 μg/L in river water, around 3.3 μg/L in open seawater, and usually less than 5 μg/L in groundwater. Higher concentrations can occur in both surface water and groundwater and the range spans some six orders of magnitude, with extremes in the mg/L range. However, such extremes in surface water are rare and linked to localized mineralization or evaporation in alkaline lakes. High concentrations in groundwater, substantially above the WHO provisional guideline value for U in drinking water of 30 μg/L, are associated most strongly with (i) granitic and felsic volcanic aquifers, (ii) continental sandstone aquifers especially in alluvial plains and (iii) areas of U mineralization. High-U groundwater provinces are more common in arid and semi-arid terrains where evaporation is an additional factor involved in concentrating U and other solutes. Examples of granitic and felsic volcanic terrains with documented high U concentrations include several parts of peninsular India, eastern USA, Canada, South Korea, southern Finland, Norway, Switzerland and Burundi. Examples of continental sandstone aquifers include the alluvial plains of the Indo-Gangetic Basin of India and Pakistan, the Central Valley, High Plains, Carson Desert, Española Basin and Edwards-Trinity aquifers of the USA, Datong Basin, China, parts of Iraq and the loess of the Chaco-Pampean Plain, Argentina. Many of these plains host eroded deposits of granitic and felsic volcanic precursors which likely act as primary sources of U. Numerous examples exist of groundwater impacted by U mineralization, often accompanied by mining, including locations in USA, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Portugal, China, Egypt and Germany. These may host high to extreme concentrations of U but are typically of localized extent. The overarching mechanisms of U mobilization in water are now well-established and depend broadly on redox conditions, pH and solute chemistry, which are shaped by the geological conditions outlined above. Uranium is recognized to be mobile in its oxic, U(VI) state, at neutral to alkaline pH (7–9) and is aided by the formation of stable U–CO3(±Ca, Mg) complexes. In such oxic and alkaline conditions, U commonly covaries with other similarly controlled anions and oxyanions such as F, As, V and Mo. Uranium is also mobile at acidic pH (2–4), principally as the uranyl cation UO22+. Mobility in U mineralized areas may therefore occur in neutral to alkaline conditions or in conditions with acid drainage, depending on the local occurrence and capacity for pH buffering by carbonate minerals. In groundwater, mobilization has also been observed in mildly (Mn-) reducing conditions. Uranium is immobile in more strongly (Fe-, SO4-) reducing conditions as it is reduced to U(IV) and is either precipitated as a crystalline or ‘non-crystalline’ form of UO2 or is sorbed to mineral surfaces. A more detailed understanding of U chemistry in the natural environment is challenging because of the large number of complexes formed, the strong binding to oxides and humic substances and their interactions, including ternary oxide-humic-U interactions. Improved quantification of these interactions will require updating of the commonly-used speciation software and databases to include the most recent developments in surface complexation models. Also, given their important role in maintaining low U concentrations in many natural waters, the nature and solubility of the amorphous or non-crystalline forms of UO2 that result from microbial reduction of U(VI) need improved quantification. Even where high-U groundwater exists, percentage exceedances of the WHO guideline value are variable and often small. More rigorous testing programmes to establish usable sources are therefore warranted in such vulnerable aquifers. As drinking-water regulation for U is a relatively recent introduction in many countries (e.g. the European Union), testing is not yet routine or established and data are still relatively limited. Acquisition of more data will establish whether analogous aquifers elsewhere in the world have similar patterns of aqueous U distribution. In the high-U groundwater regions that have been recognized so far, the general absence of evidence for clinical health symptoms is a positive finding and tempers the scale of public health concern, though it also highlights a need for continued investigation. |
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0883-2927 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ smedley_uranium_2023 |
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118 |
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Ammar, F.H.; Deschamps, P.; Chkir, N.; Zouari, K.; Agoune, A.; Hamelin, B. |
| Title |
Uranium isotopes as tracers of groundwater evolution in the Complexe Terminal aquifer of southern Tunisia |
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Journal Article |
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2020 |
Publication |
Quaternary International |
Abbreviated Journal |
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547 |
Issue |
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Pages |
33-49 |
| Keywords |
CT southern Tunisia, Holocene, Mixing, Radicarbon, Uranium isotopes, Water-rock interaction |
| Abstract |
The Complexe Terminal (CT) multi-layer aquifer is formed by Neogene/Paleogene sand deposits, Upper Senonian (Campanian-Maastrichtian limestones) and Turonian carbonates. The chemical composition and isotopes of carbon and uranium were investigated in groundwater sampled from the main hydrogeological units of the (CT) aquifer in southern Tunisia. We paid special attention to the variability of uranium contents and isotopes ratio (234U/238U) to provide a better understanding of the evolution of the groundwater system. Uranium concentrations range from 1.5 to 19.5 ppb, typical of oxic or mildly reducing conditions in groundwaters. The lowest concentrations are found southeast of the study area, where active recharge is supposed to take place. When looking at the isotope composition, it appears that all the samples, including those from carbonate levels, are in radioactive disequilibrium with significant 234U excess. A clear-cut distinction is observed between Turonian and Senonian carbonate aquifers on the one hand, with 234U/238U activity ratios between 1.1 and 1.8, and the sandy aquifer on the other hand, showing higher ratios from 1.8 to 3.2. The distribution of uranium in this complex aquifer system seems to be in agreement with the lithological variability and are ultimately a function of a number of physical and chemical factors including the uranium content of the hosting geological formation, water-rock interaction and mixing between waters having different isotopic signatures. Significant relationships also appear when comparing the uranium distribution with the major ions composition. It is noticeable that uranium is better correlated with sulfate, calcium and magnesium than with other major ions as chloride or bicarbonate. The 14C activities and δ13C values of DIC cover a wide range of values, from 1.1 pmc to 30.2 pmc and from −3.6‰ to −10.7‰, respectively. 14C model ages estimated by the Fontes and Garnier model are all younger than 22 Ka and indicate that the recharge of CT groundwater occurred mainly during the end of the last Glacial and throughout the Holocene. |
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1040-6182 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ ammar_uranium_2020 |
Serial |
119 |
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