| Records |
| Author |
Abadi, B.; Sadeghfam, S.; Ehsanitabar, A.; Nadiri, A.A. |
| Title |
Investigating socio-economic and hydrological sustainability of ancient Qanat water systems in arid regions of central Iran |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Groundwater for Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume  |
23 |
Issue |
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Pages |
100988 |
| Keywords |
Ancient irrigation, QWSs, GIS, Indigenous knowledge, Maintenance, Distribution |
| Abstract |
The Qanat water systems (QWSs), the ancient water engineering systems in Iran belonging to the very distant past, have harvested groundwater from drainages to convey it toward the surface with no use of energy. The present article highlights the socio-economic aspects of the sustainability of the QWSs and gives a satisfactory explanation of why the QWSs should be restored. In doing so, we subscribe to the view that indigenous and scientific knowledge should be incorporated. The former serves to tackle the restoration of the QWSs, the latter contributes to the distribution of water into the farmlands as efficiently as possible. Measured by (a) resilience, (b) reliability, (c) vulnerability, and (d) sustainability, the GIS technique made clear the performance of the QWSs has, therefore, the worst condition observed in terms of resiliency; the best condition observed concerning the vulnerability. Moreover, the QWSs have intermediate performance in terms of reliability. Finally, the sustainability index (SI) classifies the QWSs into different bands, which provide explicit support to take priority of the selection of the QWSs for restoration. In conclusion, a theoretical framework has been drawn to keep the QWSs sustainable. |
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2352-801x |
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no |
| Call Number |
THL @ christoph.kuells @ Abadi2023100988 |
Serial |
268 |
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| Author |
Patel, D.; Pamidimukkala, P.; Chakraborty, D. |
| Title |
Groundwater quality evaluation of Narmada district, Gujarat using principal component analysis |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2024 |
Publication |
Groundwater for Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
24 |
Issue |
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Pages |
101050 |
| Keywords |
Fluoride, Groundwater quality index, Principal component analysis, Uranium |
| Abstract |
In the present study, the ground water quality parameters were monitored during pre- and post-monsoon seasons across Narmada district, Gujarat, India. Monitoring was done in 89 drinking water samples collected by grid sampling method from the study area. Uranium and fluoride were analyzed along with associated parameters such as pH, dissolved oxygen, Cl−, NO3−, F−, SO42−, total alkalinity, total dissolved solids and hardness. In 4% samples the fluoride content was found to be above WHO permissible limits of 1.5 mg/L (2.36 mg/L in Undaimandava, 1.55 mg/L in Shira, 3.04 mg/L in Fatehpur and 1.83 mg/L in Dholivav) during pre-monsoon season (PRM) and 4.74 mg/L, 2.41 mg/L, 2.34 mg/L and 3.99 mg/L respectively in Bantawadi, Shira, Undai Mandava and Fatepur villages during post-monsoon (POM). The uranium level was within WHO limits in both POM and PRM seasons. The quality of the water was evaluated by Principal Component and Pearson Correlation statistical analysis techniques. The PRM and POM correlation study indicated a strong correlation of TDS with EC, Chloride, total alkalinity and bicarbonate and U while moderately strong correlation of TDS with fluoride were observed indicating that chloride, total alkalinity, bicarbonate, U and fluoride contributed to TDS and EC. Principal component analysis was applied for 14 variables, from which 3 factors were extracted during PRM and POM seasons. The extracted components, contributed 84.391% and 83.315%, to variation during PRM and POM seasons respectively. The study indicated that the analyzed water samples in Narmada district were safe for drinking purpose. However, Tilakwada tehsil groundwater was observed to be unsustainable for drinking, without further water treatment, but was appropriate for agricultural purposes. The study will help the residents of the district to understand the present water quality status and will also help in future management to protect the ground water of Narmada district. |
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2352-801x |
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no |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ patel_groundwater_2024 |
Serial |
148 |
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| Author |
Min, M.; Chen, J.; Wang, J.; Wei, G.; Fayek, M. |
| Title |
Mineral paragenesis and textures associated with sandstone-hosted roll-front uranium deposits, NW China |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Ore Geology Reviews |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
26 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
51-69 |
| Keywords |
China, Mineralogy, Paragenesis, Sandstone-hosted roll-type uranium deposit |
| Abstract |
We present a first paragenetic study of the Wuyier, Wuyisan, Wuyiyi and Shihongtan sandstone-hosted roll-front uranium deposits, northwest China. The mineralization is hosted by Lower–Middle Jurassic coarse- to medium-grained sandstones, which are dark-gray to black due to a mixture of ore minerals and carbonaceous debris. The sandstone is alluvial fan-braided river facies. Minerals associated with these deposits can be broadly categorized as detrital, authigenic, and ore-stage mineralization. Ore minerals consist of uraninite and coffinite. This is the first noted occurrence of coffinite in this type of deposit in China. Sulfide minerals associated with the uranium minerals are pyrite, marcasite, and less commonly, sphalerite and galena. The sulfide minerals are largely in textural equilibrium with the uranium minerals. However, these sulfide minerals occasionally appear to predate, as well as postdate, the uranium minerals. This implies that there are multiple generations of sulfides associated with these deposits. The ore minerals occur interstitially between fossilized wood cells in the sandstones as well as replace fossilized wood and biotite. The deposits are generally low-grade. Primary uranium minerals associated with the low-grade deposits are generally too small, ranging from 0.2 to 0.3 μm in diameter, to be observed by optical microscopy and are only observed by electron microscopy. Mineral paragenesis and textures indicate that these deposits formed under low temperature (30–50 °C) conditions. |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0169-1368 |
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no |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ min_mineral_2005 |
Serial |
175 |
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| Author |
Min, M.; Xu, H.; Chen, J.; Fayek, M. |
| Title |
Evidence of uranium biomineralization in sandstone-hosted roll-front uranium deposits, northwestern China |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Ore Geology Reviews |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
26 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
198-206 |
| Keywords |
Biomineralization, China, Roll-front uranium deposit, Sandstone |
| Abstract |
We show evidence that the primary uranium minerals, uraninite and coffinite, from high-grade ore samples (U3O8\textgreater0.3%) in the Wuyiyi, Wuyier, and Wuyisan sandstone-hosted roll-front uranium deposits, Xinjiang, northwestern China were biogenically precipitated and psuedomorphically replace fungi and bacteria. Uranium (VI), which was the sole electron acceptor, was likely to have been enzymically reduced. Post-mortem accumulation of uranium may have also occurred through physio-chemical interaction between uranium and negatively-charged cellular sites, and inorganic adsorption or precipitation reactions. These results suggest that microorganisms may have played a key role in formation of the sandstone- or roll-type uranium deposits, which are among the most economically significant uranium deposits in the world. |
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0169-1368 |
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no |
| Call Number |
THL @ christoph.kuells @ min_evidence_2005 |
Serial |
186 |
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| Author |
Lightfoot, D.R. |
| Title |
Moroccan khettara: Traditional irrigation and progressive desiccation |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Geoforum |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
27 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
261-273 |
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| Abstract |
A 300 km network of khettara (qanat) subsurface irrigation channels was excavated in the Tafilalt basin beginning in the late 14th century. More than 75 of these chains provided perennial water following the breakup of the ancient city of Sijilmassa. Khettara continued to function for much of the northern oasis until the early 1970s, when new technologies and government policies forced changes. Data on origins, maintenance, and current use were collected from archival sources, aerial photographs, Landsat imagery, and from interviews. Insufficient water resources and unsustainable practices have dramatically lowered the water table, drying up khettara. This has resulted in a loss of local control over water resources, abandonment of a sustainable irrigation system, and progressive desiccation. |
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0016-7185 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Lightfoot1996261 |
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257 |
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| Author |
Wolfe, P. |
| Title |
The Simplex Method For Quadratic Programming |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
1959 |
Publication |
Econometrica |
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27 |
Issue |
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170 |
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no |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Wolfe1959 |
Serial |
285 |
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| Author |
Schwiede, M.; Duijnisveld, W.H.M.; Böttcher, J. |
| Title |
Investigation of processes leading to nitrate enrichment in soils in the Kalahari Region, Botswana |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C |
Abbreviated Journal |
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30 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
712-716 |
| Keywords |
Nitrate, Arenosol soils, Semi-arid, Kalahari, Cattle, Chloride, Travel time |
| Abstract |
In Southern Africa elevated nitrate concentrations are observed in mostly uninhabited semi-arid areas. In the Kalahari of Botswana groundwater locally exhibits concentrations up to 600mg/l. It is assumed, that nitrate found in the groundwater originates mainly from nitrogen input and transformations in the soils. Our investigations in the Kalahari between Serowe and Orapa show that cattle raising is an important source for enhanced nitrate concentrations in the soils (Arenosols). But also in termite mounds very high nitrate stocks were found, and under natural vegetation (acacia trees and shrubs) nitrate concentrations were mostly unexpectedly high. This nitrate enrichment in the soils poses a serious threat to the groundwater quality. However, calculated soil water age distributions in the unsaturated zone clearly show that today’s nitrate pollution of the groundwater below the investigation area could originate from natural sources, but cannot be caused by the current land use for cattle raising. |
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1474-7065 |
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Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) and the Millennium Development Goals: Managing Water for Peace and Prosperity |
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no |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Schwiede2005712 |
Serial |
276 |
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| Author |
Robati, A.; Barani, G.A. |
| Title |
Modeling of water surface profile in subterranean channel by differential quadrature method (DQM) |
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Journal Article |
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2009 |
Publication |
Applied Mathematical Modelling |
Abbreviated Journal |
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33 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
1295-1305 |
| Keywords |
Subterranean channel, Qanat, Differential quadrature method, Water surface profile, Porous media |
| Abstract |
This study, investigates the hydraulic of flow in a subterranean channel headspring. The continuity and momentum equations of flow in porous media considering real conditions were used and the basic equation of flow in a subterranean channel was resulted. This equation is very similar to the spatially varied flow with increasing discharge. An equation, defining the hydraulic parameters of a subterranean channel section was adopted. Then differential quadrature method (DQM), was applied to the equation of flow in subterranean channel, consequently the water surface profile was resulted. To illustrate the rightness of model, the hydraulic parameters of flow in the Gavgard branch of the Joopar Goharriz Qanat were measured and the water surface profile was determined. This water surface profile was compared to the water surface profile computed by the model, which are in good agreement. |
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0307-904x |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ Robati20091295 |
Serial |
249 |
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Khoury, H.N.; salameh, E.M.; Clark, I.D. |
| Title |
Mineralogy and origin of surficial uranium deposits hosted in travertine and calcrete from central Jordan |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Applied Geochemistry |
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43 |
Issue |
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Pages |
49-65 |
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| Abstract |
Secondary uranium encrustations are hosted in thick travertine and calcrete deposits of Pleistocene–Recent age in central Jordan. The central Jordan varicolored marble and travertine are equivalent to the active metamorphic area in Maqarin, north Jordan. More than 100 samples were collected from the outcrops of the varicolored marble, travertine, calcrete, and the yellow uranium encrustations. The secondary yellow encrustations are mainly composed of uranyl vanadate complexes. Tyuyamunite Ca(UO2)2V25+O8·3(H2O)–strelkinite Na2(UO2)2V2O8·6(H2O) solid solution series are the major components and their composition reflects changes in the Ca/Na ratio in solution. Potentially, new vanadium free calcium uranate phases (restricted to the varicolored marble) were identified with CaO:UO3 ratios different from the known mineral vorlanite (CaU6+)O4. Carbon and oxygen isotope data from calcite in the varicolored marble are characterized by Rayleigh-type enrichment in light isotopes associated with release of 13C and 18O enriched CO2 by high temperature decarbonation during combustion of the bituminous marl. Stable isotope results from uranium hosted travertine and calcrete varieties exhibit a wide range in isotopic values, between decarbonated and normal sedimentary carbonate rocks. The depleted δ13C and δ18O values in the travertine are related to the kinetic reaction of atmospheric CO2 with hyperalkaline Ca(OH)2 water. The gradual enrichment of δ13C and δ18O values in the calcrete towards equilibrium with the surrounding environment is related to continuous evaporation during seasonal dry periods. Uranium mineralization in central Jordan resulted from the interplay of tectonic, climatic, hydrologic, and depositional events. The large distribution of surficial uranium occurrences hosted in travertine and calcrete deposits is related to the artesian ascending groundwater that formed extensive lakes along NNW–SSE trending depressions. Fresh groundwater moved upward through the highly fractured phosphate, bituminous marl and varicolored marble to form unusual highly alkaline water (hydroxide–sulfate type) enriched with sensitive redox elements among which were U and V. |
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0883-2927 |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ khoury_mineralogy_2014 |
Serial |
121 |
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| Author |
Uhrie, J.L.; Drever, J.I.; Colberg, P.J.S.; Nesbitt, C.C. |
| Title |
In situ immobilization of heavy metals associated with uranium leach mines by bacterial sulfate reduction |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Hydrometallurgy |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
43 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
231-239 |
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Laboratory experiments with mixed populations of sulfate-reducing bactreria were shown to mediate the removal of milligrams/liter concentrations of uranium, selenium, arsenic and vanadium from aqueous solution via reduction, precipitation and adsorption. Results of laboratory experiments with active sulfidogenic biomass suggest that injection of sulfate and a source of carbon could enhance anaerobic microbial activity in and around uranium leach mines leading to in situ immobilization contaminating metals. |
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0304-386x |
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THL @ christoph.kuells @ uhrie_situ_1996 |
Serial |
197 |
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