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Author (up) Ren, Y.; Yang, X.; Hu, X.; Wei, J.; Tang, C. url  openurl
  Title Mineralogical and geochemical evidence for biogenic uranium mineralization in northern Songliao Basin, NE China Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication Ore Geology Reviews Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 141 Issue Pages 104556  
  Keywords Bacterial sulfate reduction, In-situ S isotope of pyrite, Northern Songliao basin, Sandstone-type uranium deposit, Sifangtai Formation  
  Abstract The sandstone-hosted uranium mineralization areas in the Sanzhao Sag of the northern Songliao Basin have been newly identified. The target stratum is the Upper Cretaceous Sifangtai Formation and the uranium mineralization mainly occurs in the bottom of Sifangtai Formation, corresponding to channel sand bodies in meandering river system, characterized by medium to fine-grained sandstone. This study proposes the uranium metallogenic model through petrographic observation, whole rock geochemistry, mineralogical study of uranium occurrence form (SEM), organic matter rock–eval pyrolysis analysis (REP) and in-situ sulfur isotope determination of different generations of pyrite by LA-MC-ICP-MS. Compared with the sandstones collected in barren reduction and oxidization zones, the mineralized sandstones show obvious increase in the contents of TOC, total sulfur, Y and U. Petrographic observations indicate that organic matters are mainly inherited from land plants. REP data display that the organic matter (OM) disseminated in the sandstone has very low hydrogen index (HI) from around 0 to 21 mg HC/g TOC and varied oxygen index (OI) from 44 to 115 mg CO2/g TOC, corresponding to Type Ⅳ kerogen (degraded kerogen). There are two types of coffinite with different grain size, micro-particles (μm-sized) and large aggregates (generally up to 100 μm) respectively. The coffinite micro spherules exhibit short rod-like or worm-like morphology occurring in clay matrix and cell cavities in degradofusinite or around subidiomorphic-idiomorphic pyrite. The coarse-grained coffinite contains other mineral facies (e.g. pyrite, quartz) and some of large coffinite aggregates display thrombolite-type microbial structures. The irregular pyrite relict particles in coarse-grained colloidal coffinite have light sulfur isotope compositions characterized by δ34S values from –39.96‰ to –49.89‰. The δ34S values of colloidal pyrite in replacement of OM or of the sub-idiomorphic FeS2 cement filling in the cavities of OM range from –52.77‰ to –13.88‰. Some of sub-idiomorphic pyrite cement and idiomorphic crystal have the heavier signature from – 27.06‰ to + 14.23‰. The light sulfur isotope signature suggests that the sulfur originates from bacterial sulfate reduction (BSR). The OM replacement by pyrite and the highest OI values recorded by REP in uranium mineralized samples are lines of evidence of biodegradation. Bacteria use the organic matter as food source and produce isotopically light reduced sulfur species. Oxygenated uranium-bearing waters infiltrated through the denudated windows at Daqing placanticline into the porous reduced sandstones deposited in the Sanzhao Sag. Uranium was indirectly reduced by BSR-derived iron disulfides or directly reduced by sulfate-reducing bacteria.  
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  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0169-1368 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ ren_mineralogical_2022 Serial 144  
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Author (up) Robati, A.; Barani, G.A. url  openurl
  Title Modeling of water surface profile in subterranean channel by differential quadrature method (DQM) Type Journal Article
  Year 2009 Publication Applied Mathematical Modelling Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 33 Issue 3 Pages 1295-1305  
  Keywords Subterranean channel, Qanat, Differential quadrature method, Water surface profile, Porous media  
  Abstract This study, investigates the hydraulic of flow in a subterranean channel headspring. The continuity and momentum equations of flow in porous media considering real conditions were used and the basic equation of flow in a subterranean channel was resulted. This equation is very similar to the spatially varied flow with increasing discharge. An equation, defining the hydraulic parameters of a subterranean channel section was adopted. Then differential quadrature method (DQM), was applied to the equation of flow in subterranean channel, consequently the water surface profile was resulted. To illustrate the rightness of model, the hydraulic parameters of flow in the Gavgard branch of the Joopar Goharriz Qanat were measured and the water surface profile was determined. This water surface profile was compared to the water surface profile computed by the model, which are in good agreement.  
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  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0307-904x ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ Robati20091295 Serial 249  
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Author (up) Robin, V.; Beaufort, D.; Tertre, E.; Reinholdt, M.; Fromaget, M.; Forestier, S.; Boissezon, H. de; Descostes, M. url  openurl
  Title Fate of dioctahedral smectites in uranium roll front deposits exploited by acidic In Situ Recovery (ISR) solutions Type Journal Article
  Year 2020 Publication Applied Clay Science Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 187 Issue Pages 105484  
  Keywords Dissolution, In situ recovery, Ion exchange, Post mining, Remediation, Smectite  
  Abstract In Situ Recovery (ISR) is the most important process of uranium production in the world (50%). It consists of an injection of a leaching solution into a permeable mineralized aquifer (sandstone), pumping of the solution after dissolution of the ore minerals and recovery of the uranium from the pregnant solution in a surface plant. In this context, the fate of swelling clay minerals such as smectites is of main importance due to their role in the mobility of cationic elements by diverse geochemical processes such as ion-exchange reactions or dissolution. The present study details analysis of dioctahedral smectites before and after in-situ leaching by acidic (H2SO4) ISR solutions. Samples were collected from two sedimentary basins hosting some of the main uranium roll front deposits exploited by acidic ISR (Tortkuduk deposit, Shu-Saryssu basin, Kazakhstan, and Dulaan Uul and Zoovch Ovoo deposits, Sainshand basin, Mongolia). Scanning Electron Microscope and X-Ray Diffraction analysis revealed that dioctahedral smectite is a ubiquitous mineral in all analyzed samples, before and after acidification, and revealed a difference of crystal chemistry of the smectites between deposits of Kazakhstan (beidellite type) and Mongolia (montmorillonite type). Chemical analysis and semi-quantification of the smectites before and after acidification also revealed a difference in chemical reactivity, with a higher dissolution of montmorillonite layers compared to beidellite ones, and the importance of ion-exchange reactions. These findings are consistent with literature data obtained on model systems. The persistence of dioctahedral smectites after several years of acidification is crucial for the understanding of geochemical processes during uranium production or remediation of the aquifers. Finally, based on the analysis of samples from U-deposits hosted in both sedimentary basins, a schematic model of the impact of acid solutions on dioctahedral smectite was proposed.  
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  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0169-1317 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ robin_fate_2020 Serial 179  
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Author (up) Romeo, N.; Mabry, J.; Hillegonds, D.; Kainz, G.; Jaklitsch, M.; Matsumoto, T. url  openurl
  Title Developments of a field gas extraction device and krypton purification system for groundwater radio-krypton dating at the IAEA Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication Applied Radiation and Isotopes Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 189 Issue Pages 110450  
  Keywords  
  Abstract The long-lived radio-krypton isotope 81Kr (t1/2 = 2.29 × 105 yr) is an ideal tracer for old groundwater age dating in the range of 105–106 years which goes beyond the reach of radio-carbon (14C) age dating. Analytical breakthrough made over the last two decades in Atom Trap Trace Analysis (ATTA) has enabled the use of this isotope with extremely low abundance (81Kr/Kr = 6 × 10−13) to be used as a practical dating tool for very old groundwater. The International Atomic Energy Agency aims to provide this new isotope tool for better groundwater resource management of Member States and developed a field sampling device to collect dissolved gas samples from groundwater and a system to separate and purify trace amounts of krypton from the gas samples for the ATTA analysis. The design, setup and performances of our sampling and purification systems are described here. Our system can produce a high purity aliquot of about 5 μL of krypton from 5 L of air sample (recovery yield of >90%). The samples made by our system were confirmed to be acceptable for the ATTA analysis.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0969-8043 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ Romeo2022110450 Serial 214  
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Author (up) Rooyen, J.D. van; Watson, A.W.; Miller, J.A. url  openurl
  Title Using tritium and radiocarbon activities to constrain regional modern and fossil groundwater mixing in Southern Africa Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication Journal of Hydrology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 614 Issue Pages 128570  
  Keywords Radiocarbon, Residence time, SADC, Tritium  
  Abstract This study combines historical records of 14C and 3H in the atmosphere and soil with renewal rate and groundwater lumped parameter models to predict the abundance of 14C and 3H in groundwater over time. 624 groundwater samples from numerous studies, over four decades (1978–2019), in South Africa, Namibia, Botswana and Mozambique were collated to compare with predicted groundwater activities of 14C and 3H within the South African Development Community (SADC) region. Spatial datasets of carbonate bearing lithology, C3/C4 vegetation, summer/winter rainfall and coastal proximity were used to apply corrections to 14C and 3H data. Corrected values of 14C and 3H were compared with the theoretical abundance of these tracers, derived from the lumped parameter models, to estimate the general mean residence times and presence of groundwater mixing between modern recharge and older groundwaters. This study found that corrected values produced varying mean residence times derived from 14C ages (∼500–28500 years) and a wide range of potentially mixed waters within each aquifer system (0–100 % of tested wells) across the study area. The largest proportions of mixed groundwater, as well as the youngest mean residence times, were found in alluvial and primary fractured rock aquifers (e.g., western coast of South Africa and southern Mozambique). The smallest proportions of mixed groundwater were predicted in deep confined clay-rich aquifers as well as layered coal bearing carbonate sequences (e.g., Orapa, Malwewe and Serowe, Botswana). Insights into the proportions of mixed groundwater and mean residence times can help assess hydrological resilience on a regional scale. Such information is pertinent in promoting socio-economic development and increased water/food security in the SADC region. By understanding the resilience of groundwater resources, robust and informed strategies for water equality and GDP growth in the SADC region can be envisioned and implemented.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0022-1694 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ rooyen_using_2022 Serial 94  
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Author (up) Rosen, M.R.; Burow, K.R.; Fram, M.S. url  openurl
  Title Anthropogenic and geologic causes of anomalously high uranium concentrations in groundwater used for drinking water supply in the southeastern San Joaquin Valley, CA Type Journal Article
  Year 2019 Publication Journal of Hydrology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 577 Issue Pages 124009  
  Keywords California, Central Valley, Geochemistry, Groundwater San Joaquin Valley, Uranium  
  Abstract Concentrations of uranium (U) \textgreater30 µg/L in groundwater are relatively uncommon in drinking water in the United States but can be of concern in those areas where complex interactions of aquifer materials and anthropogenic alterations of the natural flow regime mobilize U. High concentrations (\textgreater30 µg/L) of U in the southeastern San Joaquin Valley, California, USA, have been detected in 24 percent of 257 domestic, irrigation, and public-supply wells sampled across an approximately 110,000 km2 area. In this study we evaluated mechanisms for mobilization of U in the San Joaquin Valley proposed in previous studies, confirming mobilization by HCO3 and refuting mobilization by NO3 and we refined our understanding of the geologic sources of U to the scale of individual alluvial fans. The location of high concentrations depends on the interactions of geological U sources from fluvial fans that originate in the Sierra Nevada to the east and seepage of irrigation water that contains high concentrations of HCO3 that leaches U from the sediments. In addition, interactions with PO4 from fertilized irrigated fields may sequester U in the aquifer. Principal component analysis of the data demonstrates that HCO3 and ions associated with high total dissolved solids in the aquifer and the percentage of agriculture near the well sampled are associated with high U concentrations. Nitrate concentrations do not appear to control release of U to the aquifer. Age dating of the groundwater and generally increasing U concentrations of the past 25 years in resampled wells where irrigation is prevalent suggests that high U concentrations are associated with younger water, indicating that irrigation of fields over the past 100 years has significantly contributed to increasing concentrations and mobilizing U. In some places, the groundwater is supersaturated with uranyl-containing minerals, as would be expected in roll front deposits. In general, the interaction of natural geological sources high in U, the anthropogenically driven addition of HCO3 and possibly phosphate fertilizer, control the location and concentration of U in each individual fluvial fan, but the addition of nitrate in fertilizer does not appear control the location of high U. These geochemical interactions are complex but can be used to determine controls on anomalously high U in alluvial aquifers.  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0022-1694 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ rosen_anthropogenic_2019 Serial 158  
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Author (up) Rossetto, R.; Filippis, G.D.; Borsi, I.; Foglia, L.; Cannata, M.; Criollo, R.; Vázquez-Suñé, E. url  openurl
  Title Integrating free and open source tools and distributed modelling codes in GIS environment for data-based groundwater management Type Journal Article
  Year 2018 Publication Environmental Modelling & Software Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 107 Issue Pages 210-230  
  Keywords Free and Open Source Software, FREEWAT, Groundwater management, ICT, MODFLOW, QGIS  
  Abstract Integrating advanced simulation techniques and data analysis tools in a freeware Geographic Information System (GIS) provides a valuable contribution to the management of conjunctive use of groundwater (the world’s largest freshwater resource) and surface-water. To this aim, we describe here the FREEWAT (FREE and open source software tools for WATer resource management) platform. FREEWAT is a free and open source, QGIS-integrated interface for planning and management of water resources, with specific attention to groundwater. The FREEWAT platform couples the power of GIS geo-processing and post-processing tools in spatial data analysis with that of process-based simulation models. The FREEWAT environment allows storage of large spatial datasets, data management and visualization, and running of several distributed modelling codes (mainly belonging to the MODFLOW family). It simulates hydrologic and transport processes, and provides a database framework and visualization capabilities for hydrochemical analysis. Examples of real case study applications are provided.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1364-8152 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ rossetto_integrating_2018 Serial 92  
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Author (up) Röttcher, K. url  doi
isbn  openurl
  Title Type Book Chapter
  Year 2018 Publication Risikomanagement und Nachhaltigkeit in der Wasserwirtschaft: Erfolgreiche Navigation durch die Komplexität und Dynamik des Risikos Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 165-174  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden beispielhaft unterschiedliche Ansätze des Risikomanagements und das Verständnis von Nachhaltigkeit in der Wasserwirtschaft dargelegt. Die Darstellung richtet sich insbesondere an Leser aus anderen Fachdisziplinen, wie das Rechts- und Finanzwesen, den Fahrzeug- und Maschinenbau oder auch die sozialen Berufe. Die Zusammenhänge werden überblicksartig mit einzelnen konkreten Beispielen dargestellt mit dem Fokus auf die grundsätzlichen Denk- und Vorgehensweisen.  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden Place of Publication Wiesbaden Editor Michalke, A.; Rambke, M.; Zeranski, S.  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN 978-3-658-19684-4 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ Röttcher2018 Serial 90  
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Author (up) Rubin, R. url  openurl
  Title Water conservation methods in Israel’s Negev desert in late antiquity Type Journal Article
  Year 1988 Publication Journal of Historical Geography Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 14 Issue 3 Pages 229-244  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Settlement in Israel’s Negev desert historically has been dependent on water conservation techniques. Fieldwork carried out on settlement sites constructed during the Byzantine period, when agriculture and trade flourished, revealed a variety of water installations some of which are in use today. Perennial springs in the Negev are generally small and difficult of access. Cisterns were the most common conservation devices and came in both large, enclosed and single, open forms. Cisterns were common particularly in the towns, where they were usually built as part of house foundations. Dams were discovered at several sites but proved to be inefficient and easily abandoned because of evaporation and siltation problems. Public reservoirs were part of the structure of the largest towns and were open and among the larges structures uncovered at settlement sites. Wells were distributed widely throughout the desert and were part of the only conservation system that did not depend directly on surface rainfall. A qanat system was located in the eastern Negev dating from the late settlement period before the area was abandoned at the turn of the eighth century. These various water systems raise questions about their builders and their origins, and suggests that builders originating in more humid Mediterranean environments tended to produce less adaptable installations than builders derived from the south or the east.  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0305-7488 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ Rubin1988229 Serial 262  
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Author (up) Ruiz, O.; Thomson, B.; Cerrato, J.M.; Rodriguez-Freire, L. url  openurl
  Title Groundwater restoration following in-situ recovery (ISR) mining of uranium Type Journal Article
  Year 2019 Publication Applied Geochemistry Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 109 Issue Pages 104418  
  Keywords Aquifer stabilization, Ground water restoration, In-situ leach mining, In-situ recovery, Uranium  
  Abstract From 1950 through the early 1980’s New Mexico accounted for roughly half of domestic uranium (U) production for the nuclear power industry and the nation’s weapon programs. Increased interest in nuclear energy has led to proposals for renewed development using both underground mining and uranium in situ recovery (ISR). When feasible, ISR greatly reduces waste generated by the mining and milling processes, however, the ability to restore ground water to acceptable quality after ISR ends is uncertain. This research investigated two methods of stabilizing an aquifer following ISR. Batch and column studies were performed to evaluate chemical and biological methods of stabilization. Columns packed with ore were first leached with an aerated NaHCO3 ground water solution to simulate ISR. Constituents present at elevated concentrations after leaching included molybdenum (Mo), selenium (Se), U, and vanadium (V). Chemical stabilization was studied by passing a phosphate (PO43-) amended solution through the ore to achieve passivation of mineral surfaces by P precipitates. Microbial stabilization was studied by passing a lactate solution through the ore to stimulate growth of anaerobic metal- and sulfate-reducing organisms to reduce U and other elements to less soluble phases. Analyses of the solids from the columns after completion of these experiments by X-ray photo electron spectroscopy (XPS) identified phosphate on samples near the column inlet of the chemically stabilized columns. Microbial populations were characterized by Illumina DNA sequencing and confirmed the presence of metal- and sulfate-reducing organisms. Neither chemical nor microbial stabilization method achieved contaminant immobilization, which is believed due to limited mixing of the stabilization solutions with the contaminated leach solutions. These results emphasize that ground water hydrodynamics, especially mixing, must be considered in aquifer restoration of soluble constituents.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0883-2927 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ ruiz_groundwater_2019 Serial 153  
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