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Author Xu, W.D.; Burns, M.J.; Cherqui, F.; Duchesne, S.; Pelletier, G.; Fletcher, T.D. url  openurl
  Title Real-time controlled rainwater harvesting systems can improve the performance of stormwater networks Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication Journal of Hydrology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 614 Issue Pages 128503  
  Keywords Real-time control, Rainwater harvesting systems, Stormwater control measures, Flood mitigation, Source Control, Climate change  
  Abstract Real-Time Control (RTC) technology is increasingly applied in Rainwater Harvesting (RWH) systems to optimise their performance related to water supply and flood mitigation. However, most studies to date have focussed on testing the benefits at an individual site scale, leaving the potential benefits for downstream stormwater networks largely untested. In this study, we developed a methodology to predict how at-source RTC RWH systems influence the behaviour of a stormwater network. Simulation was enabled by coupling the drainage model in SWMM with an RTC RWH model coded using the R software. We modelled two different RTC strategies across a range of system settings (e.g. storage size for RWH and proportion of storage to which RTC is applied) under two different climate scenarios—current and future climates. The simulations showed that RTC reduced flooding volume and peak flow of the stormwater network, leading to a potential mitigation of urban flooding risks, while also providing a decentralised supplementary water supply. Implementing RTC in more of RWH storages yielded greater benefits than simply increasing storage capacity, in both current and future climates. More importantly, the RTC systems are capable of more precisely managing the resultant flow regime in reducing the erosion and restoring the pre-development conditions in sensitive receiving waters. Our study suggests that RTC RWH storages distributed throughout a catchment can substantially improve the performance of existing drainage systems, potentially avoiding or deferring expensive network upgrades. Investments in real-time control technology would appear to be more promising than investments in detention volume alone.  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0022-1694 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ Xu2022128503 Serial (down) 233  
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Author Mabrouk, M.; Han, H.; Fan, C.; Abdrabo, K.I.; Shen, G.; Saber, M.; Kantoush, S.A.; Sumi, T. url  openurl
  Title Assessing the effectiveness of nature-based solutions-strengthened urban planning mechanisms in forming flood-resilient cities Type Journal Article
  Year 2023 Publication Journal of Environmental Management Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 344 Issue Pages 118260  
  Keywords Flood, Urban planning, Sustainable cities, LID, Natural-based solutions, Alexandria  
  Abstract Cities have experienced rapid urbanization-induced harsh climatic events, especially flooding, inevitably resulting in negative and irreversible consequences for urban resilience and endangering residents’ lives. Numerous studies have analyzed the effects of anthropogenic practices (land use changes and urbanization) on flood forecasting. However, non-structural mitigation’s effectiveness, like Nature-Based Solutions (NBS), has yet to receive adequate attention, particularly in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, which have become increasingly significant and indispensable for operationalizing cities efficiently. Therefore, our study investigated the predictive influence of incorporating one of the most common NBS strategies called low-impact development tools (LID) (such as rain gardens, bio-retention cells, green roofs, infiltration trenches, permeable pavement, and vegetative swale) during the urban planning of Alexandria, Egypt, which experiences the harshest rainfall annually and includes various urban patterns. City characteristics-dependent 14 LID scenarios were simulated with recurrence intervals ranging from 2 to 100 years using the LID Treatment Train Tool (LID TTT), depending on calibrated data from 2015 to 2020, by the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency index and deterministic coefficient, and root-mean-square error with values of 0.97, 0.91, and 0.31, respectively. Our findings confirmed the significant effectiveness of combined LID tools on total flood runoff volume reduction by 73.7%, revealing that different urban patterns can be used in flood-prone cities, provided LID tools are considered in city planning besides grey infrastructure to achieve optimal mitigation. These results, which combined multiple disciplines and were not explicitly mentioned in similar studies in developing countries, may assist municipalities’ policymakers in planning flood-resistant, sustainable cities.  
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  ISSN 0301-4797 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ Mabrouk2023118260 Serial (down) 232  
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Author Custódio, D.A.; Ghisi, E. url  openurl
  Title Impact of residential rainwater harvesting on stormwater runoff Type Journal Article
  Year 2023 Publication Journal of Environmental Management Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 326 Issue Pages 116814  
  Keywords Rainwater harvesting, Residential buildings, Stormwater runoff, Floods, Computer simulation  
  Abstract Population increase, climate change and soil impermeability are factors causing floods in large urban centres. Such places also always have water shortage problems. This research aims to evaluate the influence of rainwater harvesting in residential buildings on stormwater in a basin located in southern Brazil (Rio Cachoeira Basin). Urbanised and non-urbanised areas, soil types, curve numbers and time of concentration of each sub-basin were taken into account. Through the HEC-HMS programme, it was possible to calculate hydrographs for the base scenario (when there is no rainwater harvesting). Then, rainwater tanks for the residential buildings were sized using the computer programme Netuno. In the second scenario, there is rainwater harvesting in all residential buildings. Thus, the hydrographs for the second scenario were also calculated. The peak flow reduction potentials for the sub-basins ranged from 2.7% to 14.3%. The highest percentage (14.3%) did not occur in the sub-basin with the most extensive roof area; such highest peak flow reduction occurred in Bom Retiro sub-basin. In Bom Retiro sub-basin, there are more houses than multi-storey residential buildings. Even when considering the full potential of rainwater harvesting for roof areas of all existing buildings in the Rio Cachoeira Basin, the average potential reduction in peak flow was 7.2%. The conclusion is that rainwater tanks in residential buildings have little influence on stormwater runoff, and the stormwater runoff will be less affected when the area of the hydrographic basin is larger. Thus, the reduction in peak flows is insignificant when considering the flooding in the region.  
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  ISSN 0301-4797 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ Custodio2023116814 Serial (down) 231  
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Author Netzer, L.; Kurtzman, D.; Ben-Hur, M.; Livshitz, Y.; Katzir, R.; Nachshon, U. url  openurl
  Title Novel approach to roof rainwater harvesting and aquifer recharge in an urban environment: Dry and wet infiltration wells comparison Type Journal Article
  Year 2024 Publication Water Research Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 252 Issue Pages 121183  
  Keywords Rainwater harvesting, Managed aquifer recharge, Urban hydrology, Infiltration wells  
  Abstract In urban environments there is a severe reduction of infiltration and groundwater recharge due to the existence of large impervious areas. During rain events, large volumes of water that could have recharged groundwater and surface water bodies are diverted into the municipal drainage system and lost from the freshwater storage. Moreover, extreme rain events impose high peak flows and large runoff volumes, which increase the risk of urban floods. Recent studies have suggested the use of rainwater harvesting for groundwater recharge, as a plausible solution for these challenges in dense urban environments. While the benefits of this approach are well understood, research on its practical, engineering, and hydrological aspects is relatively limited. The objective of the present study was to examine the use of infiltration wells for groundwater recharge with harvested rainwater collected from building rooftops under Mediterranean climate conditions. Two types of wells with similar hydraulic and technical properties were examined: a well that reaches the groundwater (wet well); and a well that discharges the harvested water into the unsaturated zone (dry well). Infiltration capacities of the wells were compared in controlled experiments conducted during summer months, and in operational recharge of harvested rainwater, during winter. Both dry and wet wells were found to be suitable for purposes of groundwater recharge with rooftop-harvested rainwater. Infiltration capacity of the wet well was about seven times greater than the infiltration capacity of the dry well. While the infiltration capacity of the wet well was constant throughout the entire length of the study (∼10 m3/h/m), the dry well infiltration capacity improved during winter (from 0.5 m3/h/m to 1.5 m3/h/m), a result of development of the dry well with time. Considering Tel-Aviv, Israel, as a case study for a dense modern city in a Mediterranean climate, it is demonstrated herein that the use of infiltration wells may reduce urban drainage by ∼40 %.  
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  ISSN 0043-1354 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ Netzer2024121183 Serial (down) 230  
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Author Stavi, I.; Eldad, S.; Xu, C.; Xu, Z.; Gusarov, Y.; Haiman, M.; Argaman, E. url  openurl
  Title Ancient agricultural terrace walls control floods and regulate the distribution of Asphodelus ramosus geophytes in the Israeli arid Negev Type Journal Article
  Year 2024 Publication Catena Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 234 Issue Pages 107588  
  Keywords Geo-archaeology, Hydrological connectivity, Hydrological modelling, Runoff harvesting, Soil and water conservation, Watershed management  
  Abstract Ancient stone terrace walls aimed at harvesting water runoff and facilitating crop production are widespread across the drylands of the Middle East and beyond. In addition to retaining the scarce water resource, the terrace walls also conserve soil and thicken its profile along ephemeral stream channels (wadis) by decreasing fluvial connectivity and mitigating erosional processes. In this study, we created hydrological models for three wadis with ancient stone terrace walls in the arid northern Negev of Israel, where the predominant geophyte species is Asphodelus ramosus L. A two-dimensional (2D) rain-on-grid (RoG) approach with a resolution of 2 m was used to simulate the rain events with return periods of 10, 20, 50, and 99 % (10-y, 5-y, 2-y, and yearly, respectively) based on the Intensity-Duration-Frequency rain curves for the region. To evaluate the effect of stone terrace walls on fluvial hydrology and geomorphology, the ground level was artificially elevated by 20 cm at the wall locations in a digital terrain model (DTM), using the built-in HEC-RAS 2D terrain modification tool. Our results showed that the terraced wadis have a high capacity to mitigate runoff loss, but a lesser capacity to delay the peak flow. Yet, for all rainstorm return periods, peak flow mitigation was positively related to the number of terrace walls along the stream channel. Field surveys in two of the studied wadis demonstrated that the A. ramosus clones were found in proximity to the stone terrace walls, presumably due to the greater soil–water content there. The results thus suggest that the terrace walls provide improved habitat conditions for these geophytes, supporting their growth and regulating their distribution along the wadi beds.  
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  ISSN 0341-8162 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ Stavi2024107588 Serial (down) 229  
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Author Leeuwen, Z.R. van; Klaar, M.J.; Smith, M.W.; Brown, L.E. url  openurl
  Title Quantifying the natural flood management potential of leaky dams in upland catchments, Part II: Leaky dam impacts on flood peak magnitude Type Journal Article
  Year 2024 Publication Journal of Hydrology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 628 Issue Pages 130449  
  Keywords Nature based solutions, Large wood, Empirical, Hydrograph analysis, Ecosystem services, Transfer function noise model  
  Abstract Leaky dams are an increasingly popular natural flood management measure, yet their impacts on flood peak magnitude have not yet been empirically quantified for a range of event types and magnitudes, even at the stream scale. In this study, the novel application of a transfer function noise modelling approach to empirical Before-After-Control-Impact stage data from an upland catchment allowed leaky dam effectiveness in reducing flood peak magnitude to be quantified. Flood peak stage and discharge magnitude changes were assessed from empirical data for 50 single and multi-peaked high flow events with return periods ranging from less than one year to six years. Overall, event peak magnitude was significantly reduced following the installation of eight leaky dams on the impact stream. Effectiveness was highly variable, but on average, flood peak magnitude was reduced by 10% for events with a return period up to one year. Some of the variability was explained by the size of the event and whether it was a single or multi-peaked event. This finding emphasises the need to manage expectations by considering both a range of event magnitudes and types when designing or assessing leaky dam natural flood management schemes.  
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  ISSN 0022-1694 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ Vanleeuwen2024130449 Serial (down) 228  
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Author Dąbrowska, J.; Orellana, A.E.M.; Kilian, W.; Moryl, A.; Cielecka, N.; Michałowska, K.; Policht-Latawiec, A.; Michalski, A.; Bednarek, A.; Włóka, A. url  openurl
  Title Between flood and drought: How cities are facing water surplus and scarcity Type Journal Article
  Year 2023 Publication Journal of Environmental Management Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 345 Issue Pages 118557  
  Keywords Urban ecosystem management, Urban floods, Urban droughts, Nature-based solutions, Climate change, Urban resilience  
  Abstract Droughts and floods are weather-related hazards affecting cities in all climate zones and causing human deaths and material losses on all inhabited continents. The aim of this article is to review, analyse and discuss in detail the problems faced by urban ecosystems due to water surplus and scarcity, as well as the need of adaptation to climate change taking into account the legislation, current challenges and knowledge gaps. The literature review indicated that urban floods are much more recognised than urban droughts. Amongst floods, flash floods are currently the most challenging, which by their nature are difficult to monitor. Research and adaptation measures related to water-released hazards use cutting-edge technologies for risk assessment, decision support systems, or early warning systems, among others, but in all areas knowledge gaps for urban droughts are evident. Increasing urban retention and introducing Low Impact Development and Nature-based Solutions is a remedy for both droughts and floods in cities. There is the need to integrate flood and drought disaster risk reduction strategies and creating a holistic approach.  
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  ISSN 0301-4797 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ Dabrowska2023118557 Serial (down) 227  
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Author Heidari, B.; Prideaux, V.; Jack, K.; Jaber, F.H. url  openurl
  Title A planning framework to mitigate localized urban stormwater inlet flooding using distributed Green Stormwater Infrastructure at an urban scale: Case study of Dallas, Texas Type Journal Article
  Year 2023 Publication Journal of Hydrology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 621 Issue Pages 129538  
  Keywords Green stormwater infrastructure, Localized inlet pluvial flooding, Opportunity subwatersheds, Stormwater investment prioritization, Resilient urban watershed planning  
  Abstract Mitigation of localized pluvial flooding is one of the major resiliency goals in urban environments, and Green Stormwater Infrastructure (GSI) has the potential to deliver such an outcome. However, there is a lack of systematic approaches to prioritize investment in different candidate areas. This study provides a framework to identify vulnerable stormwater drainage inlets and their contributing areas, prioritize them, identify dominant factors in their selection, assess the potential of GSI in mitigating their overflows, and compare the impact and its cost to gray infrastructure upgrade alternatives. Using SWMM 5.1.013, decision trees, and a volumetric-based assessment of GSI overflow capture, we applied the framework to the City of Dallas, Texas, for three design storms with three GSI practices— bioretention cells, raingardens, and rainwater harvesting tanks. Results showed that there was a significant increase in the number of overflowing stormwater drainage inlets, referred to as hotspots, and their contributing subwatersheds, referred to as opportunity areas, with more intense storms especially in problematic watersheds. Also, prioritization results provided a series of maps to rank the opportunity areas based on overflow severity, recurrence of the overflows, and GSI availability. Moreover, classification results showed that inlet features, especially the inlet depth, were the dominant factors in the identification of the non-problematic inlets. Finally, the GSI impact assessment showed substantial overflow mitigation even at the “very high” severity levels when GSI is comprehensively deployed across opportunity areas. Despite gray infrastructure upgrades yielding higher reduction levels, their cost per cubic meter was higher than GSI. Therefore, a combination of GSI and gray results in maximum overflow reduction at a lower cost compared to common practices.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ Heidari2023129538 Serial (down) 226  
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Author Mekuria, W.; Tegegne, D. url  isbn
openurl 
  Title Water harvesting Type Book Chapter
  Year 2023 Publication Encyclopedia of Soils in the Environment (Second Edition) Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 593-607  
  Keywords Climate change, Ecosystem services, Environmental benefits, Population growth, Resilient community, Resilient environment, Socio-economic benefits, Urbanizations, Water harvesting, Water quality, Water security  
  Abstract Water harvesting is the intentional collection and concentration of rainwater and runoff to offset irrigation demands. Secondary benefits include decreased flood and erosion risk. Water harvesting techniques include micro- and macro-catchment systems, floodwater harvesting, and rooftop and groundwater harvesting. The techniques vary with catchment type and size, and the method of water storage. Micro-catchment water harvesting, for example, requires the development of small structures and targets increased water delivery and storage to the root zone whereas macro-catchment systems collect runoff water from large areas. The sustainability of water harvesting techniques at the local level are usually constrained by several factors such as labor, construction costs, loss of productive land, and maintenance, suggesting that multiple solutions are required to sustain the benefits of water harvesting techniques.  
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  Publisher Academic Press Place of Publication Oxford Editor Goss, M.J.; Oliver, M.  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN 978-0-323-95133-3 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ Mekuria2023593 Serial (down) 225  
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Author Arya, S.; Kumar, A. url  openurl
  Title Evaluation of stormwater management approaches and challenges in urban flood control Type Journal Article
  Year 2023 Publication Urban Climate Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 51 Issue Pages 101643  
  Keywords Flood risk, Green infrastructure (GI), Stormwater management, Stormwater modelling, Vulnerability assessment, Urban floods  
  Abstract Across the globe, the damage caused by urban floods has increased manifold. The unchecked development has encroached the natural drainage, and the conventional drainage systems are inadequate in handling the augmented hydrological response. To counter this, a variety of approaches with the ability to adjust within the constraints of complex environments by managing surface runoff are being widely investigated and applied worldwide. These can put the flood water to better use, and the ecological balance may get restored. This review discusses recent progress made in the area of Green Infrastructure (GI), modelling tools that help in stormwater management, vulnerability analysis and flood risk assessment. Different ways of handling the problem are summarized through an extensive literature survey. The gaps and barriers that impede the implementation of stormwater management solutions and strategies for further improvement have also been presented. A case study of Gurugram city, India depicting the challenges being faced by urban flooding and the possible solutions through an expert survey is also presented.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2212-0955 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number THL @ christoph.kuells @ Arya2023101643 Serial (down) 224  
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